*2.2.7 Genetic risk scores*

Genetic risk scores have been proposed because of the association between loci or genes and higher ASCVD risk. The advantage of genetic biomarkers on other biomarkers is that they exist at birth and can be determined even in antenatal period. But, gene–environment interactions can sometimes be responsible for development of disease states. Furthermore, using new variables such as genetic markers may enhance CV prediction even if this possibility remains questionable [46]. In a post-hoc meta-analyze of six systematic reviews on effect of ASCVD risk estimate in primary prevention, Collins et al. reported that there was no evidence that the potential use of ASCVD risk estimate leads to decreasing in CVD morbidity and mortality due to the deficient quality of systematic reviews.
