*The Influence of a Diamagnetic Copper Induced Field on Ion Flow and the Bernoulli Effect… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99175*

bio-energy by the facilitation of a separation of charge. Charge separation between the position and negative ions is essential to facilitate movement in and around membranes and plasma cells. The zone within or near membranes is usually fixed and negative while the positive charges by contrast are free to diffuse in the regions around and beyond [14]. The persistence of positive and negative attraction that occurs in lower magnetic states (weaker field flow) appears to require a phosphorylation of ATP to provide the energy to facilitate charge separation required to induce flow and maintenance of ion differentials in and around cells. Due to the nature of the need for charge separation (via an energy source) within an electromagnetic field to facilitate movement of positive charges (cations such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, hydrogen and calcium) across membranes and in the plasma, the addition of a diamagnetic metal to the generation of this electromagnetic field in order to create a DEP EMF is essential (**Figure 1**). A DEP EMF induces dielectrophoresis or a phenomenon in which a force is exerted on dielectric particles such as chloride and changes the magnetic attraction from positive and negative attract to *like attracts like* or *like likes like* (**Figures 1** and **2**) [9, 14, 15]. Data suggest that this magnetic shift may actually represent a change in viscosity and a harnessing of kinetic and potential bio-energy in living systems.

#### **Figure 1.**

*The addition of the noble diamagnetic metal, copper to essential to generate a dielectrophoretic electromagnetic field. Copper can be said to perform as a field separator between cations and anions that generates a magnetic shift in attraction from positive and negative attract to "like attracts like" [9, 14].*

#### **Figure 2.**

*A polar water molecule in low and high magnetic states: With decreased magnetic energy that may occur outside a living organism or in free waters in the environment, where positive and negative charges are known to attract [9, 14], the negatively charged chloride anion may be attracted to the positively charged hydrogen side of the polar water molecule. This water form may be seen in "unstructured/free water." with increased magnetism and internal potential energy that may reside at the membranes of and within living organisms [9, 14], the negatively charged chloride anion is attracted to the negatively charged oxygen side of the polar water molecule (structural change). Positive and negative charges are no longer attracted since there is a magnetic shift to "like attracts like" [9] or "like likes like" [14].*
