**7. Conclusion**

This chapter explored the various aspects of open government data. The chapter opened by defining the concepts of openness, open data, and open government data (OGD). It then proceeded to explaining how OGD developed during the last few years and highlighted the most important cornerstones of this development. The chapter then explained the various requirements of OGD implementation and utilization. It highlighted the practice of OGD around the world. It also explained the role of portals in OGD implementation and utilization, outlining their various technical and functional requirements, besides introducing a number of open

source portal software and applications. The chapter then elaborated on a number of benefits and advantages of open government data for the government and the citizens. Finally the chapter discussed the barriers, challenges and risks that are confronted by open government data initiatives. The chapter then closed by highlighting some perceived future trends of open government data.
