*Desalination Membrane Management DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99723*

The salient features of some of the existing industrial practices in nuclear industry, as well as other industries are presented in **Table 1** below.

In recent times, several Hydro Thermal Processes (HTPs) have emerged as ecofriendly alternatives to incineration. Some of these processes are Wet Oxidation; Photo Oxidation and Wet Air Oxidation. The HTPs help in complete mineralisation of the organic wastes and forms CO2 and H2O. Sources for oxidising the species are air, oxygen, ozone and H2O2. The basic chemical reaction in HTPs is


Catalyst Organic substrate Oxidant CO H O Min 2 2 + ========→ + + eral acid /salt


**Table 1.**

*The features of the existing industrial practices.*

Wet Oxidation is a mineralisation process employing powerful oxidants such as Hydrogen peroxide and Ozone [3]. The reaction occurs in aqueous medium at a maximum temperature of 100°C under atmospheric pressure. Use of Hydrogen peroxide for concentrated organic waste mineralisation leads to large volumes of secondary aqueous radioactive waste.

The aqueous streams with small concentrations of dissolved organics are being treated using photo oxidations methods, while Wet Air Oxidations is attractive option for concentrated organic wastes [4]. In this backdrop, it is interesting to investigate some of these concepts for mineralisation of desalination membranes further.
