**6. Photograph and digital models secure repair funds**

Another very large breakwater on the island of Jersey (Jersey projects are particularly challenging because of the 11 m tidal range and adverse sea state conditions) was St. Catherine's Breakwater which stretches some 600 m out to sea (**Figure 9**, Ref. [11]). In a time of urgent crisis for the end of the structure in 2008, the breakwater roundhead was surveyed with GPR (ground penetrating radar) and found to have a very large hidden void under the concrete slab covering the roundhead at the end. If not repaired before the coming winter, then there was likely to be a failure and collapse. As soon as this occurred a section of the breakwater would have been likely

**Figure 9.** *St. Catherine's breakwater and roundhead 600 m out to sea.*

#### **Figure 10.**

*Photographic manipulation used to obtain emergency repair and protection funding, Ref. [11].*

**Figure 11.** *Early digital model illustrating rebuild with rock Armour protection, Ref. [11].*

to unravel during the type of fierce winter storms that occur around the coast of the Island. Digital models, drawing models using photoshopping images (**Figure 10**, Ref. [9]) of a likely collapse and unravelling mechanism helped to convince the governments treasury to release emergency funds. Drone surveys were then used to capture visual images of the whole structure that is particularly difficult and dangerous to survey conventionally and this also contributed to obtaining the urgent Government funding to repair and preserve this heritage marine monument as well as to be able to monitor it in the following years. (An early graphical model of the rock armour protection needed following the roundhead repairs is shown in **Figure 11**).
