**1. Introduction**

COVID-19 and SARS, such treatment drugs and vaccines, remains a challenge to predicting clinical reaction. Predicting clinical response to vaccines and drugs remains a challenge in any viral treatment such as COVID-19 and SARS. COVID-19, a sort of corona disease, created a pandemic danger situation caused due to newly raised virus. Predicting novel virus biology lies majorly in vitro models, as it permits viral replication. Animal and human organoids had raised their value in the experimental virology platform. COVID-19 is a killing disease that increased the death rate of human beings higher than influenza. The number of reported cases is more or less equal to the number of deaths. Similarly, the infection mortality rate tends to increase deaths to 1%. This disease was most leniently spread from person to person through contacts or even through the respiratory system. There are different approaches taken to solve this dreadful disease which took away the lives and livelihood of millions worldwide. One such research approach is by gearing towards the direction of 3D organoids and ex-vivo platforms. 3D organoid models and ex-vivo platforms are known to recreate the disease-specific and organ-specific microenvironment in the lab. These models are well studied in cancer research [1].

Studies indicated that using 3D organoid and ex vivo models at an early stage of virus research might help them from failure. Most organoids can be established from induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC), commonly containing 3D structure. Also, it consists of cell types for the specific organ, and multipotent adult tissue stem cells can create an organoid. To predict tissue tropism of this emerged COVID-19, various research groups ought to get the help of an organoid approach

for preventing gastric tract and kidney failure. COVID-19 directly infected capillary organoids and kidney organoids. This chapter describes 3D ex-vivo organoid enabled stem cell culture for prediction, helping to combat COVID-19. Using ex vivo platforms to predict the response for vaccines is important before it reaches clinical trials. Subsequently, treatment for tumors with an inhabitation induced activation, but all tumors failed to induce an antitumour response in a subset; likewise, COVID-19 drugs fail to give antiviral activity. Thus, it is important to use precision ex vivo models [2].

While new infection disease emerged, virologists expose indicator cell lines panel. From a typical human origin or monkey origin to patient materials and find for viral replication signs. Species barriers get complicated due to this trial-anderror approach. In the indicator panel, it was also done by the potential absence of a target. Recently severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus, organoids termed research emphasizes the value of more physiological in vitro models. In Wuhan city novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began that quickly transmitted everywhere china and to various parts of the domain in all countries. This spread of COVID-19 resulted in an extensive pandemic. Numerous treatment methods have been established for these diseases. As stated, earlier vaccines for this disease were not yet developed. Organoids are newly generated patterns developed from human stem cells, ex vivo duplicating process drug, and viral screening process for infection models. Self-categorized tissues are commonly seen in human organoids, which contain the different structure of cells. Cells that contain the same structure of cell functions as real organs for a human being. This pattern permitted viral infection efficiency and resulted in experimentation.

Areas unmet with COVID 19 research about leveraging this organoid method tends to help us predict the effect of this disease in tissues concerning organs. It will be an efficient tool for assisting researchers in predicting disease in the lab and helping to improve in development of a drug for COVID 19. It deciphers pathways for biomarker by keeping in mind that coronavirus is the fastest spreading disease, particularly for those with a weak immune system. Studying and understanding the effect of COVID 19 with the help of this platform in this increasing population is essential for regular therapeutics improvement in this field. They are focusing on miniature organ research at the lab to study coronavirus's progress in the human body. These organoids suggested that virus versatility for organs invading gut,

**Figure 1.** *COVID-19 diagnosis.*

*Application of Ex-Vivo/3D Organoid Models in COVID-19 Research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99100*

kidney, and lungs to the liver. Experiments are conducted using drugs with the help of these mini tissues for identifying the working of these therapies would be candidates for treating people. Experts understand that SARS-Cov-2 might have a side effect on organs in the human body from residing infected persons. Unfortunately, there is no proper statement about this damage directly affected by the virus to secondary complications of infection. Various groups with the help of organoid to represent in body virus, cell infects that cause damages [3, 4]. Splender of 3D ex vivo organoids recreates human microenvironment in true lab morphology of tissues. An overview of COVID-19 diagnosis and management is shown in **Figure 1**.
