Meet the editor

Enhua Wang has been an associate professor of Energy and Power Engineering at the Beijing Institute of Technology since 2016, teaching courses on internal combustion engines. He obtained his bachelor's and master's degrees at the Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2000 and 2003, respectively. In 2013, he received his Ph.D. from the Beijing University of Technology in the field of en-

gine combustion, conservation, and emissions control. He obtained a postdoctoral fellowship at the State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University. In 2015, he worked at the School of Engineering, Glasgow University, Scotland, as a research associate for one year. His research interests include the organic Rankine cycle system, simulation and control of internal combustion engines, and solid oxide fuel cells.

Contents

**Section 1**

*by Zbigniew J. Sroka*

*by Hongliang Luo*

(DART) in Tanzania *by Kenedy Aliila Greyson*

Using Biodiesel Blends

*by Jayashri N. Nair*

**Section 2**

for Gasoline Direct Injection Engines

Shock Tube Combustion Analysis

*by Semakula Maroa and Freddie Inambao*

Fuelled with Gasoline-Biodiesel Blends *by Yanuandri Putrasari and Ocktaeck Lim*

**Preface XI**

Internal Combustion Engine Technology **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 25**

**Chapter 3 53**

Application of Biodiesel **69**

**Chapter 4 71**

**Chapter 5 83**

**Chapter 6 103**

**Chapter 7 113**

Vehicles Power Consumption: Case Study of Dar Rapid Transit Agency

Assessing the Effects of Engine Load on Compression Ignition Engines

Mitigation of Emissions through Injection Strategies for C I Engine

Combustion and Emissions of Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine

Work Cycle of Internal Combustion Engine Due to Rightsizing

Experimental Investigations on Fuel Spray and Impingement

*by Claudio Marcio Santana and Jose Eduardo Mautone Barros*

## Contents


Preface

Improving efficiency and reducing emissions of internal combustion engines, especially for transportation applications, are critical for the sustainable development of our world. Internal combustion engines with a downsized design can reduce engine size and improve fuel efficiency thanks to the turbocharging technique and electronic control system, which has great potential for passenger vehicles. The energy efficiency can be enhanced and emissions can be decreased by optimizing critical working parameters such as fuel injection and ignition timing. Meanwhile, biodiesel is produced from renewable biomass. Exploring the performance potential of biodiesel fuel provides another promising approach to replace petroleum fuel. With the help of advanced software and testing equipment, methodologies for system design and optimization of internal combustion engines are being developed. Rapid progress in computer-aided design and manufacturing technology makes it

possible to design novel engine systems and reduce emissions significantly.

A comprehensive analysis of the technology and application of the internal combustion engine is beyond the scope of the book. However, the content of this volume is useful for scientists and students to broaden their knowledge of internal

I would like to thank IntechOpen for inviting me to be the editor of this volume, Ms. Maja Bozicevic, and the Publishing Process staff for their help in coordinating

**Enhua Wang**

Beijing, China

School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology,

combustion engine technologies and applications of biodiesel fuel.

the reviews, editing, and printing of this book.

spark-ignition engines.

This book on internal combustion engines and applications of biodiesel fuel includes seven chapters on engine system design, fuel injection system analysis, ignition performance, fuel consumption estimation, application of biodiesel in engines, and more. In practice, these aspects must be considered together to maximize the potential of an internal combustion engine. The chapters are organized into two sections. The first section covers engine downsizing, fuel spray, and economic comparison. The second section deals with applications of biodiesel fuel in compression-ignition and
