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## Meet the editor

Dr. Kerro Dego is a veterinary microbiologist with training in veterinary medicine, microbiology, and anatomic pathology. Dr. Kerro Dego is an assistant professor of dairy health in the department of animal science, the University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee. He received his D.V.M. (1997), M.S. (2002), and Ph.D. (2008) degrees in Veterinary Medicine, Animal Pathology and Veterinary Microbiology from College

of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia; College of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands and Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Canada respectively. He did his Postdoctoral training in microbial pathogenesis (2009 - 2015) in the Department of Animal Science, the University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee. Dr. Kerro Dego's research focuses on the prevention and control of infectious diseases of farm animals, particularly mastitis, improving dairy food safety, and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance. Dr. Kerro Dego has extensive experience in studying the pathogenesis of bacterial infections, identification of virulence factors, and vaccine development and efficacy testing against major bacterial mastitis pathogens. Dr. Kerro Dego conducted numerous controlled experimental and field vaccine efficacy studies, vaccination, and evaluation of immunological responses in several species of animals, including rodents (mice) and large animals (bovine and ovine).

Contents

**Section 1**

and Control

*J. Jogi and N. Shrivastava*

Bovine Mastitis in Ethiopia

Staphylococcal Mastitis

*and Oudessa Kerro Dego*

Etiology of Bovine Mastitis

*and Muhammad Hammad*

Mastitis in Small Ruminants *by Christine T. Mwenge Kahinda*

**Section 2**

**Preface XI**

Bovine Mastitis **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 21**

**Chapter 3 35**

**Chapter 4 67**

Ovine and Caprine Mastitis **85**

**Chapter 5 87**

Epidemiology of Bovine Mastitis and Its Diagnosis, Prevention,

*by S.D. Audarya, D. Chhabra, R. Sharda, R. Gangil, R. Sikrodia,* 

Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Control, and Prevention of Bovine

*by Jessica Vidlund, Benti Deressa Gelalcha, Stephanie Swanson, Isabella costa Fahrenholz, Camey Deason, Caroline Downes* 

*by Muhammad Shoaib, Amjad Islam Aqib, Muhammad Aamir Naseer, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta, Wanxia PU, Qaisar Tanveer, Iqra Muzammil, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar, Muhammad Salman Younas* 

*by Tadele Tolosa Fulasa and Feyissa Begna Deressa*

### Contents



Preface

Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary glands, is the most costly disease in dairy farming, mainly caused by a broad range of bacteria categorized into contagious and environmental bacteria. Contagious bacteria live in the infected mammary glands and spread from infected glands to health glands during milking by milkers' hands or milking machine liners or towels. Environmental bacteria live in the environment of dairy cows, such as soil, feces, bedding materials, and spread from these sources to the mammary glands at any time of the year. Control of contagious bacteria focuses on improving hygiene during milking and treating infected animals or culling chronically infected animals that do not respond to treatment. The control of environmental bacteria is difficult because it is difficult to get rid of bacteria from the environment. However, cleaning manure and

keeping animals in dry housing reduce teat contamination and infection. This book is a concise summary of mastitis in dairy cattle, sheep, and goats, which mainly focuses on etiological agents, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, pathological and histopathological changes, diagnosis, prevention, and control measures. The book serves as a textbook on mastitis in dairy cattle, sheep, and goats for dairy veterinarians, veterinary students, animal science students, dairy technicians, animal health professionals. Researchers from various countries contributed to this book. The book contains the latest information on mastitis in dairy cattle, sheep, and goats and antimicrobial usage to prevent and control mastitis. Based on the reader's feedback, *Mastitis in Dairy Cattle, Sheep and Goats* can be considered to become a book series with a certain time interval between

**Oudessa Kerro Dego**

USA

Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee,

each published volume.
