Meet the editor

Meng Gong is a leading researcher and the director of the Wood Science and Technology Centre, University of New Brunswick (UNB), Canada. He recently completed a five-year project on increasing the use of wood for structural and non-structural applications as the New Brunswick Innovative Research Chair in Advanced Wood and Construction, Canada. He received his master's degree in Wood Technology and Ph.D. in Wood

Engineering from Nanjing Forestry University, China, and UNB, respectively. He worked as a post-doctoral fellow in the Wood Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan. He has published more than 120 refereed journal and conference papers, and more than 50 technical reports. Currently, he is conducting research and development on mass timber products using underutilized wood species.

Contents

**Section 1**

*by Meng Gong*

A Review

*by Ranjana Yadav and Jitendra Kumar*

*by Elena Vladimirova and Meng Gong*

*by Zizhen Gao and Meng Gong*

for Design and Implementation?

*and Anu Soikkeli*

**Preface XIII**

General Overviews and Applications of EWPs **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 25**

**Chapter 3 39**

**Chapter 4 63**

**Chapter 5 83**

**Chapter 6 97**

**Chapter 7 111**

**Chapter 8 127**

Wood and Engineered Wood Products: Stress and Deformation

Engineered Wood Products as a Sustainable Construction Material:

Veneer-Based Engineered Wood Products in Construction

Strand-Based Engineered Wood Products in Construction

Perceptions, Attitudes, and Interests of Architects in the Use of Engineered Wood Products for Construction: A Review

*by Lassi Tulonen, Markku Karjalainen and Hüseyin Emre Ilgın*

Carbon Impacts of Engineered Wood Products in Construction

A Study on Contractors' Perception of Using Wood for Construction *by Hüseyin Emre Ilgın, Markku Karjalainen, Olli-Paavo Koponen* 

Tall Wooden Residential Buildings in Finland: What Are the Key Factors

*by Hongmei Gu, Prakash Nepal, Matthew Arvanitis and Delton Alderman*

*by Hüseyin Emre Ilgın and Markku Karjalainen*

## Contents



**III**

**Chapter 19 315**

**Chapter 20 331**

Examination of Lightning-Induced Damage in Timber

Trends and Opportunities of Industry 4.0 in Wood Manufacturing

*by Mario Ramos-Maldonado and Cristhian Aguilera-Carrasco*

*by Jingxiao Li and Jing Li*

Processes


Preface

I spent my simple and happy childhood in Wuxi, a beautiful city by Lake Tai in China. I admired my father for being a wood science professor, and for his ability to make beautiful wooden furniture. Very often, I helped hold a wood board when he drilled a hole in it and passed nails to him. I found that wood is such an easy material to play with. My father shared many stories with me about wood when he discovered my curiosities and interest in the matter. Ginkgo is one of the most suitable wood species for use as cutting boards. Ash can be readily bent after being soaked in hot water, good for making curved arms for chairs. Chinese fir is a smart choice for building a house. My father always encouraged me to explore the science behind these stories. In the summer before I started my university life, I assisted my father to use bamboo fibers and phenol resin to make the shuttles for knitting cloth, which required a super impact strength and minimal friction resistance. During my undergraduate studies, I majored in wood-based composites, understanding that wood can be modified to produce various types of products to meet the needs of everyday life. Back in the 1990s, and likely nowadays as well, wood and wood products were mainly used for making furniture and decorating interiors. With an aim to broaden my horizons, I went to Canada to pursue my doctoral degree in 1995.

Canada is a forest-rich country that utilizes lumber to construct more than 90% of its residential houses and buildings. With the change in raw materials, many engineered wood products (EWPs) such as parallel strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, and cross-laminated timber have been invented as a substitution for conventional lumber products. These EWPs are fabricated with wood elements (such as strands, veneer, and lumber) and adhesives and/or fasteners (such as nails and dowels) for use in structural applications. Use of adhesives, dry wood elements, heat, and pressure in the manufacturing of EWPs provides them with two great advantages over sawn timber: stable dimensions and uniform properties. Moreover, the designability of EWPs makes it much easier for these products to meet market requirements than it is for solid wood products to do so. These merits of EWPs have been attracting architects, engineers, and builders to adopt EWPs in their design and construction of buildings. The current National Building Code of Canada allows for the construction of wood buildings up to 12 stories. Canadian research scientists and code developers have been working hard towards a very ambiguous but feasible and promising goal, which is to allow people to select EWPs in the same way as they choose steel or concrete in the construction of tall buildings in 2025.

Unusual weather, such as flooding and snowstorms, has been occurring worldwide for the last few decades. It is widely recognized that forests and wood products play a critical role in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Forests can sequester carbon and wood products can continue to store carbon over their lifespan, particularly structural wood building products that can last 50 to 100 years. This is a benefit of using wood rather than fossil fuel-intensive materials such as steel and concrete. Furthermore, we can recycle and reuse wood products at the end of their lifespan, which can help store carbon for an extended time. Therefore, increasing the use of

forest wood can help mitigate climate change.
