**Notes**

The authors searched all published literatures on Moyamoya disease from Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online database (MEDLINE via Pubmed) and Google Scholar database and the Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE). Also, the authors used the following search keywords in combination with "Moyamoya disease, Anesthesia, Diagnosis, Medical Management, Surgical management, Revascularization surgery, Perioperative management, Postoperative complication, Pediatric anesthesia, Obstetric anesthesia, Laparoscopic surgery, Cardiac surgery.
