**Author details**

Ahmed Anas Guerboub\* and Ghizlaine Belmejdoub Endocrinology Diabetology Department of the Mohammed V Military Hospital, Rabat, Morocco

\*Address all correspondence to: docteur.guerboub@gmail.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**223**

*Type 2 Diabetes and Dysautonomy*

Clinical autonomic disorders:

Lippincott-Raven; 1997

pp. 179-208

**References**

1999;**22**(5):798-810

University Press; 1992

1446-51.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95043*

[1] Low PA, Suarez GA, Benarroch EE.

[9] Grassi G. al. Differential sympathetic activation in muscle and skin neural districts in the metabolic syndrome.

[10] Lee ZSK. al. Urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine interrelations with obesity, insulin, and the metabolic syndrome in Hong Kong Chinese.

[11] Flaa A. al. Increased sympathetic reactivity may predict insulin

resistance: An 18-year follow-up study.

[13] Luca C, Olefsky JM. Inflammation and insulin resistance. FEBS Letters.

[14] Landsberg L. Insulin-mediated sympathetic stimulation: Role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension (or, how insulin affects blood pressure, and why). Journal of

[15] Girard J, J-F Gautier. Rôle du glucagon dans la physiopathologie et le traitement du diabète. Médecine des

maladies métaboliques. 2016.

[12] Gutierrez and al. Impact of increased adipose tissue mass on inflammation, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Current Diabetes Reports.

Metabolism. 2009

Metabolism. 2001

Metabolism. 2008

Hypertension. 2001

2009

2008

classification and clinical evaluation. In: Low PA, editor. Clinical autonomic disorders. 2nd ed. Philadelphia:

[2] Low PA. Laboratory evaluation of autonomic function. In: Low PA, editor. Clinical Autonomic Disorders. 2nd Ed. Philadelphia. P: Lippincott-Raven; 1997.

[3] Grubb BP, Karas B. Clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system associated with orthostatic intolerance: An overview of classification, clinical evaluation, and management. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology.

[4] Bannister R, Mathias CJ, editors. Autonomic Failure: A Textbook of Clinical Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System. 3rd Edition. ISBN 0-19-2622196. Oxford: Oxford

[5] Grassi.G. Differential sympathetic activation in muscle and skin neural districts in the metabolic syndrome. Metabolism. 2009 oct 58(10):

[6] Assessment: clinical autonomic testing report of the therapeutic and technology assessment subcommittee of the american academy of neurology.

Neurology 1996; 46: 873-80.

[7] Masuo K. al. Sympathetic nerve hyperactivity precedes

of Hypertension. 1997

Rep. 2009;11:199-205.

hyperinsulinemia and blood pressure elevation in a young, non-obese Japanese population. American Journal

[8] Palatini P, Julius S. The role of cardiac autonomic function in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Curr Hypertens

*Type 2 Diabetes and Dysautonomy DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95043*
