**3. AI-powered HCM: the architecture and applications**

The 'Assisted Intelligence' is for today, 'Augmented Intelligence' is emerging and 'Autonomous Intelligence' will be for the future. The AI in HCM can be analysed from the (i) Basic Support Layer (BSL), (ii) Platform Framework Layer (PFL) and (iii) Domain Technology Layer (DTL) point of view [39]. Big data are the fuel for 'Basic Support Layer' and 'New Enhanced Algorithm Model' has greatly improved Machine Learning (ML) capabilities representing Deep Learning (DL). The Supervised Learning (SL), Unsupervised Learning (UL) and Intensive Learning (IL) are the outcomes of BSL. The software giants' *viz.*, Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Baidu and Amazon, University of California at Berkeley and the University of Montreal in Canada have launched PFL-based DL Framework.

The SAP-HCM Suite deals with human efficiency by minimising the cost and errors and optimising the human solutions by implementing SAP-HCM Modules *viz.,* Organisational Management (OM), Personnel Administration (PA), E-Recruitment, Time Management (TM), Payroll, ESS (Employee Self Service), MSS (Manager Self Service) and Reporting [40].

The Accenture Audit and Compliance HCM App (Application) and API (Application Programming Interface) identify and address personnel data quality issues quickly. The extensive use of HCM app helped in attrition (15.2% decrease), internal job fill (13.7% increase) and productivity (5.4% increase) [41].

The IBM-AI-powered HCM Solutions *viz.*, IBM-Kenexa Talent Acquisition Suite, IBM-Watson Candidate Assessment, IBM-Watson Recruitment, IBM-Watson Talent Match, IBM-Talent Assessment Solutions can predict the attrition rate of workers with 95% accuracy and save nearly \$300 million in retention costs. It also identifies the new skills, education, job promotions and raises of the workforce [42]. The IBM-AI Powered HCM Solutions assess and develop 'Human Capital' competencies and capabilities today and tomorrow and pave the way for phenomenal transformations in the domain of HCM.

The Cognizant One-HCM Cloud Solutions enable HCM Organisations to move from Legacy Personnel Management (LPM) to Strategic Human Capital Management (SHCM) Models. The standardised processes, accuracy and accountability, a pace in implementation and lowering the cost of ownership, are the salient solutions of HCM Cloud.

The adoption of AI in HCM makes hiring 10 times faster and it increases retention by 25% and 25% more applicants are interviewed [43]. The chatbots, robots and virtual assistants are powered by business algorithms joining into the rankto-profile of workers. The Advanced Deep Learning (ADL) Technologies reduce the burden of human capital deployment. The Natural Language Processing (NLP), face recognition (*Alipay*), voice assistants (*Apple Siri*, *Microsoft Cortana* and *Google Now*), speech recognition (*Amazon Echo*), and translation, and search engines, Q&A software, sentiment analysis and automatic answering are some of the AI Assistants and APIs' (*Application Programming Interface*) adapted by HCM Suite.

## **4. Human Capital Intelligence (HCI): the applications and adoptions in HCM**

Human Capital Intelligence (HCI) is an 'AI-powered disruption in HCM' that streamlines the HCM processes for a seamless workflow and intuitive work environment. The HCM Functions have been 'app'ified, touched a nerve in a large, diagnosing and detecting problems, proposing the promising solutions. Leveraging the 'Cloud', the best AI-powered HCM-Solutions *inter alia* include *UZIO*, *Oracle HCM Cloud*, *Sage People*, *SAP SuccessFactors*, *ADP WorkforceNow*, *Workday*, *Rippling*, *Vibe HCM*, *Ascentis*, *Viventium*, *TensorFlow* and *eXo Platform* (https://peoplemanagingpeople.com).

The digitalization moves make a quantum leap to reinvent the Employee Interface (EI) and refine the Employee Experience (EX) than narrowly focusing on Employee Culture (EC) and Employee Engagement (EE). The Integrated HCM Analytics, pulse surveys, wellness and fitness apps, design thinking and employee journey maps assess and predict the 'Employee Satisfaction' by customising HCM Apps *viz.*, Employee Net Promoter Scores, Work Day, SAP Success Factors, Oracle HCM, resulting the positive and progressive Employee Experience (EX), that is an emerging new phenomenon in HCM [44].

It is a high and critical time to customise algorithms by considering the 'Emotional Experiences' of Human Capital keeping in view the Agile, Augmented Realities (AR) and Virtual Realities (VR) [45]. Human Capital Engagement (HCE) yields positivity in all scorecards of work-life, performance and productivity [46]. The Pymetric Behavioural and Psychometric Tests [47] analyse, assess and predict the behaviour of 'Human Capital' physically, cognitively and emotionally and provide indelible analytical and operational insights based on the situation and scenario.
