Meet the editor

Dr. Viduranga Waisundara obtained her Ph.D. in Food Science & Technology from the Department of Chemistry, the National University of Singapore in 2010. She was a lecturer at the Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, from July 2009 to March 2013. She relocated to her motherland of Sri Lanka and spearheaded the Functional Food Product Development Project at the National Institute of Fundamental Studies from April 2013 to October

2016. She was a senior lecturer on a temporary basis, at the Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka. She is currently the deputy principal of the Australian College of Business & Technology – Kandy Campus, in Kandy, Sri Lanka. She is also the present Global Harmonization Initiative (GHI) ambassador to Sri Lanka.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Preface XIII**

Antioxidants and Prevention of Diseases **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 17**

**Chapter 3 53**

**Chapter 4 83**

**Chapter 5 107**

**Chapter 6 119**

**Chapter 7 131**

Role of Antioxidants Supplementation in the Treatment of Male Infertility *by Houda Amor, Nyaz Shelko, Massooma Mohammed, Peter Michael Jankowski* 

Thiol Reduction and Cardiolipin Improve Complex I Activity and Free Radical Production in Liver Mitochondria of Streptozotocin-Induced

*Alain Raimundo Rodríguez-Orozco and Christian Cortés-Rojo*

*by Manjury Jatziry Hernández-Esparza, Claudia Guadalupe Flores-Ledesma, Rocío Montoya-Pérez, Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés, Alfredo Saavedra-Molina,* 

*by Varuna Suresh, Amala Reddy, Pavithra Muthukumar and Thendarl Selvam*

Micronutrient Antioxidants in the Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer

*by Donovan McGrowder, Fabian Miller, Chukwuemeka Nwokocha, Cameil Wilson-Clarke, Melisa Anderson, Lennox Anderson-Jackson* 

Antioxidants: Pharmacothearapeutic Boon for Diabetes

and Effect on Breast Cancer Outcomes

*and Lowen Williams*

Diabetic Rats

*and Mohamad Eid Hammadeh*

*by Banashree Nath and Hirok Roy*

Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress

Natural Antioxidants to the Rescue? *by Cenk Aydin and Nilay Seyidoglu*

*by Betül Çalişkan and Ali Cengiz Çalişkan*

Antioxidants in Female Reproductive Biology

## Contents



**III**

**Chapter 18 367**

**Chapter 19 383**

**Chapter 20 407**

**Chapter 21 421**

**Chapter 22 447**

**Chapter 23 473**

Recent Topics in Antioxidant Research **501**

**Chapter 24 503**

**Chapter 25 519**

**Chapter 26 529**

**Chapter 27 547**

Antioxidant Properties of Metabolites from New Extremophiles Microalgal

*by Sana Gammoudi, Ines Dahmen-Ben Moussa, Neila Annabi-Trabelsi,* 

Role of Secondary Metabolites to Attenuate Stress Damages in Plants

Endogenous Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense and Pathologies

Biosynthesis and Regulation of Antioxidant Flavonolignans in Milk Thistle

Reappraisal of Dietary Phytochemicals for Coronavirus Infection:

Evolutionary Strategies of Highly Functional Catalases for Adaptation

Antioxidant Properties of Alpine Plant

*Heethaka Krishantha Sameera de Zoysa, Thushara Chathuranga Bamunuarachchige and Viduranga Yashasvi Waisundara*

*by Samantha Drouet and Christophe Hano*

Focus on Hesperidin and Quercetin

to High H2O2 Environments

Strain (Southern, Tunisia)

*and Md. Sanaullah Biswas*

*Habib Ayadi and Wassim Guermazi*

*by Atika Eddaikra and Naouel Eddaikra*

*by Masuma Zahan Akhi, Md. Manjurul Haque* 

*by Isao Yumoto, Yoshiko Hanaoka and Isao Hara*

*by Paolo Bellavite*

**Section 4**

*by Perçin Karakol and Emin Kapi*

and Bioactive Compounds

*by Vijay Laxmi Trivedi and Mohan Chandra Nautiyal*

Use of Selected Antioxidant-Rich Spices and Herbs in Foods

*Cinnamomum zeylanicum*: Morphology, Antioxidant Properties

Dietary Phytochemicals: As a Natural Source of Antioxidants *by Manju Singh Makhaik, Arvind K. Shakya and Raosaheb Kale*

*by Asel Chandula Weerasekera, Kanchana Samarasinghe,* 


**II**

**Chapter 8 151**

**Chapter 9 165**

**Chapter 10 181**

Antioxidant Compounds **195**

**Chapter 11 197**

**Chapter 12 229**

**Chapter 13 253**

**Chapter 14 281**

Phytochemical Antioxidants **303**

**Chapter 15 305**

**Chapter 16 323**

**Chapter 17 351**

Management of Diabetic Eye Disease Using Carotenoids and Nutrients *by Drake W. Lem, Dennis L. Gierhart and Pinakin Gunvant Davey*

Antioxidant Activity: The Presence and Impact of Hydroxyl Groups

An Antioxidant Defense System in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium

The Two Sides of Dietary Antioxidants in Cancer Therapy *by Musbau Adewumi Akanji, Heritage Demilade Fatinukun, Damilare Emmanuel Rotimi, Boluwatife Lawrence Afolabi* 

*Deinococcus geothermalis* against Oxidative Stress *by Chanjae Lee, Min K. Bae and Sung-Jae Lee*

The Role of Lycopene in Chronic Lung Diseases

in Small Molecules of Natural and Synthetic Origin *by Mohammed Ali Al-Mamary and Ziad Moussa*

*by Adriana Françozo de Melo, Giulia Oliveira Timo* 

Phytochemical Antioxidants: Past, Present and Future

Broad Efficacy of Scavenging Free Radicals: *Cordyceps* sp. *by Loknath Deshmukh, Rajendra Singh and Sardul Singh Sandhu*

One Health and the Positive Effects of Alaskan Blueberries

*by Yasuko Sakihama and Hideo Yamasaki*

*by Vincent F. Lembo and Cheryl A. Frye*

*by Emilio Balbuena, Junrui Cheng and Abdulkerim Eroglu*

*and Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi*

Antioxidant and Infertility *by Huda Mahmood Shakir*

Vitamin C and Sepsis

**Section 3**

*and Mauricio Homem-de-Mello*

**Section 2**

## **Chapter 28 563**

Valorization of Natural Antioxidants for Nutritional and Health Applications *by Pedro Ferreira-Santos, Zlatina Genisheva, Claudia Botelho, Cristina Rocha and José António Teixeira*

## **Chapter 29 597**

Recent Advances in Antioxidant Capacity Assays *by Andrei Florin Danet*

Preface

Antioxidants have become a household name ever since their potency against many non-communicable diseases was demonstrated several decades ago. It is one of the most sought-after and active areas of research where the velocity of scientific discovery has remained at a steady increase. Not only among the scientific community, but even among consumers, the term "antioxidants" is a familiar matter. With an increasing number of consumers looking toward health and wellness, this group of biological compounds has gained much popularity, where incorporation of the word itself has been known to boost product sales.

The intention of this book is to provide an overview of antioxidants, their pathways of action, the mechanisms of antioxidant assays, and their potential sources. While most of these areas might appear mundane and therefore, already reviewed, it is without a doubt that the knowledge along these aspects keep getting renewed on a daily basis. There are several chapters of interest for readers who are from a nonscientific background, especially when it comes to identifying potent sources

At the same time, almost all the contents of this book are positioned in the form of an update, where new discoveries and novel perspectives are provided. The authors contributing to this book span over various scientific backgrounds throughout several countries; therefore, the variety adds more color and value to its content.

I would like to take this opportunity to extend my appreciation to the authors who have contributed so many wonderful chapters to this book as well as my heartfelt appreciation to the IntechOpen Publisher with whom I have worked on several publications. Last, but not least, my appreciation goes to Mr. Josip Knapić - the Author Service Manager assigned to this book, who has rendered his fullest support

**Dr. (Mrs.) Viduranga Waisundara**

Kandy Campus, Sri Lanka

Australian College of Business and Technology,

of antioxidants.

in putting the material together.
