Meet the editors

Akikazu Takada was born in Japan, 1935. After graduation from Keio University School of Medicine and finishing his post-graduate studies, he worked at Roswell Park Memorial Institute NY, USA. He then took a professorship at Hamamatsu University School of Medicine. In thrombosis studies, he found the SK potentiator that enhances plasminogen activation by streptokinase. He is very much interested in simultaneous measurements

of fatty acids, amino acids, and tryptophan degradation products. By using fatty acid analyses, he indicated that plasma levels of trans-fatty acids of old men were far higher in the US than Japanese men. . He also showed that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels are higher, and arachidonic acid levels are lower in Japanese than US people. By using simultaneous LC/MS analyses of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites, he recently found that plasma levels of serotonin, kynurenine, or 5-HIAA were higher in patients of mono- and bipolar depression, which are significantly different from observations reported before. In view of recent reports that plasma tryptophan metabolites are mainly produced by microbiota. He is now working on the relationships between microbiota and depression or autism.

Dr. Hubertus Himmerich is a clinical senior lecturer for eating disorders at King's College London and a consultant psychiatrist on an inpatient ward for patients with eating disorders at Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, UK. Following medical school, Dr. Himmerich received his scientific and clinical training at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Germany, and the Universities of Mainz and Marburg, Germany. Afterwards, he worked as

a consultant psychiatrist at the RWTH Aachen University Hospital and Professor of Neurobiology of Affective Disorders at the University of Leipzig, Germany. He has led and performed national and international scientific projects with researchers from Europe, Australia, and North America, and he has published more than 160 articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals, books, and book chapters.

Contents

**Section 1**

Molecules in the Brain *by Shinichi Takahashi*

*and Tetsuya Takao*

*by Junichiro Irie*

**Section 2**

**Preface XI**

Foods Intakes and the Central Nervous System **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 21**

**Chapter 3 41**

**Chapter 4 55**

Diabetes Mellitus and Disorders of the Metabolism **67**

**Chapter 5 69**

**Chapter 6 85**

**Chapter 7 105**

ER Stress Response Failure and Steatohepatitis Comorbid with Diabetes

*by Tatsuro Egawa, Kohei Kido, Takumi Yokokawa, Mami Fujibayashi,* 

*by Tomohiro Suzuki, Tetsuro Komatsu, Hiroshi Shibata and Takeshi Inagaki*

Attenuation of Food Intake by Fragrant Odors: Comparison between

Lactate and Ketone Bodies Act as Energy Substrates as Well as Signal

Roles of Glucose and Sucrose Intakes on the Brain Functions Measured

*by Akikazu Takada, Fumiko Shimizu, Yukie Ishii, M. Ogawa* 

*by Takashi Yamamoto, Kayoko Ueji, Tadashi Inui and Haruno Mizuta*

*Osmanthus fragrans* and Grapefruit Odors

by the Working Ability and Morris Maze

Circadian Clock, Sleep, and Diet

*by Takayoshi Sasako and Kohjiro Ueki*

*Katsumasa Goto and Tatsuya Hayashi*

The Effect of Glycation Stress on Skeletal Muscle

Metabolic Responses to Energy-Depleted Conditions
