**Abstract**

The association of pulmonary tuberculosis and Behçet's disease revealed by an aneurysm of the humeral artery is exceptional with a complicated management. We report a case in which the two conditions occurred concomitantly with the vascular complication, apart from any use of immunosuppressive therapy, something that has never been reported in the literature. We report an extremely rare case of a spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm of the humeral artery of a 29-year-old woman, with no history. The patient underwent axillo-humeral bypass. Investigations concluded the diagnosis of Behçet's disease associated with pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculous chemotherapy followed by corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and colchicine have been administrated. Based on this observation, we insist on the necessity of searching the symptoms of Behçet's disease in the presence of arterial involvement when having a young patient. Therapeutic management must include medical treatment to control inflammation and limit the risk of recurrence. Endovascular or surgical treatment is necessary if the arterial involvement is threatening. The association with tuberculosis complicates management and requires close monitoring.

**Keywords:** Behçet's disease, tuberculosis, aneurysm, humeral artery, imaging

### **1. Introduction**

Behçet's disease is an inflammatory, systemic vasculitis originally described by the Turkish dermatologist Hulusi Behçet in 1937. It is typically characterized by the combination of recurrent oral and genital aphtosis with ocular involvement. Vascular involvement in Behçet's disease occurs in 5 to 40% of cases depending on the series [1] and is associated with increased mortality [2]. Venous thrombosis is frequently observed, while arterial damage such as aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, strictures and occlusions are less reported [2]. Arterial involvement in Behçet's disease mainly affects the aorta and pulmonary arteries. The humeral artery is extremely rarely affected.

The association of Behcet's disease and tuberculosis is rare and often correlated with the use of immunosuppressants.

To our knowledge, there is no reported case in the literature of spontaneous rupture of an aneurysm of the humeral artery of a patient having Behçet's disease and tuberculosis. Thus, we report the first case revealing this association.
