**2.2 Reproducing the natural virus host environment**

Viruses isolated from patient samples like feces, blood, or nasopharyngeal swabs infested with a particular infection, can be grown on organoids without any imposed mutation or adaption. These cultures will now exactly recapitulate the fundamental features and infectivity profiles of the natural host cell [33, 34]. Therefore, conclusions drawn on the various aspects of organotropism, receptor usage, innate immunity induction, etc., is now even more reliable than laboratoryadapted or ATCC strains. The readouts used for post-infection analysis may differ in cell lines vs. organoids based on the culture environment and discussed in the following sections.
