*3.2.2 Pressure sensors*

• Piezoelectricity Buzzers

*Multifunctional Ferroelectric Materials*

• Instrument pick-ups

• Piezoelectric Igniters

• Nanopositioning in AFM, STM

**3.1 Piezoelectric effect works with sensors and motors**

devices in industrial nondestructive testing and medical imaging.

**3.2 Piezoelectric sensors in industrial applications**

variety of uses. Some common, everyday uses include:

To start with, the electric cigarette lighters and gas grills have a high voltage power source when compared with other applications of the piezoelectric effect. In these cases, a hammer strikes a piece of piezo material, which then produces enough current to create a spark that ignites the flammable gas in its presence. However, in other applications like sensors, the hammer is typically replaced by other forms of energy like sound waves - including ultrasound, as hammer is an exciter of the piezo

When these are working with sensors, piezo materials will detect even some of the minute disturbances and anomalies, which will make them unique and idealistic

The industrial sector contributes its applications with piezoelectric sensors for a

Engine manufacturers are every now and then facing challenges related to the control of engine devices. Under some non-supporting situations, gasoline engines are susceptible to an undesirable phenomenon known as detonation. When the

In the other perspective, piezoelectric motors can perform highly precise and repeatable movements. This inbuilt makes them excellent devices (**Figure 2**) for the precision movements of sensitive optical devices like telescopes and

• Micro Robotics (Defense)

• Microphones

material.

microscopes.

**Figure 2.**

**78**

*Traveling wave motor.*

*3.2.1 Engine knock sensors*

In almost all the applications the measurement of dynamic pressure changes, using piezoelectric pressure sensors yields more reliable results than using conventional electromechanical pressure sensors (**Figure 3**). The reason behind this is that piezoelectric devices have a high frequency response and signal conversion without any need of bellows, diaphragm, or any type of mechanical linkage in conjunction with a strain gage or displacement sensor.
