**5. Conclusions**

In mineral processing, colloidal interactions play an important role.

Developments of different techniques allow us to research the phenomenon of colloidal interactions, including slime coating, homocoagulation, particle and bubble coalescence, and mineral attachment of air bubbles.

Hence, in the analysis of colloidal and surface force in mineral processing, it is important to use complementary techniques.

To control the state of colloidal dispersions by creating favourable conditions, it is of paramount importance to study the colloidal interactions in a relevant system, including such considerations as different electrolyte concentrations, the presence of divalent cations, the co-existence of various cation species and natural surfactants in industrial process water, different pH values, the presence of reagents such as collectors, dispersants, and activators, and the existence of other surfactants. It can be reiterated that lower solution pH, higher salinity, and higher ionic concentration affects the repulsive forces present in a colloidal solution, made the adhesion forces stronger, while both decreasing long-range repulsive forces and increasing adhesion forces are beneficial for mineral froth-flotation and flocculation process [17–20].

The factors affecting the surface colloidal chemistry of fines beneficiation process in Mineral Processing are


## **Author details**

Abhyarthana Pattanaik\* and Rayasam Venugopal IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, India

\*Address all correspondence to: abhyap10@gmail.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**163**

2018, 41-65**.**

*Application of Colloids and Its Relevance in Mineral Engineering*

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[2] Satyananda Patra, Abhyarthana Pattanaik, A.S. Venkatesh, Rayasam Venugopal, "Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization of Low grade Iron ore fines from Barsua Area, Eastern India with Implications on Beneficiation and Waste utilization", Journal of Geological Society of India, 93(4), 2019, 443-454.

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[4] Abhyarthana Pattanaik**,** Satyananda Patra, Rayasam Venugopal, "Selection of a viable upgradation strategy through physico-chemical and mineralogical approach: A case study of low-grade Barsua iron ore fines", Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 73, 2020,

[5] Pattanaik A, Venugopal R, "Role of Surfactants in Mineral Engineering – An Overview", Surfactants and Detergents, Intechopen Publisher. ISBN 978-1-78984-660-7. 2019. DOI: 10.5772/

[6] Abhyarthana Pattanaik and Rayasam Venugopal, "Analysis of Reverse Cationic Iron Ore Fines Flotation using RSM-D-Optimal Design – An Approach towards sustainability", Advanced Powder Technology, 29(12), 2018, 3404-3414.

[7] Abhyarthana Pattanaik and Rayasam Venugopal, "Investigation of Adsorption mechanism of Reagents (Surfactants) System and its applicability in Iron ore flotation - An Overview", Colloids and Interface Science Communications, 25,

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*Application of Colloids and Its Relevance in Mineral Engineering DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95337*
