Meet the editor

Professor Kaneez Fatima Shad, an Australian Neuroscientist with a medical background, received a Ph.D. in 1994 from the Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Australia, followed by a postdoc at the Allegheny University of Health Sciences, Philadelphia, USA. She taught Medical and Biological Sciences at various universities in Australia, the United States, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Pakistan, and Brunei. During this period, she was also engaged in

research, obtaining local and international grants (for more than \$2.3 million USD) to translate products such as a rapid diagnostic test for stroke and other vascular disorders (i.e., schizophrenia). Dr. Shad has published more than sixty articles in refereed journals, edited four books, written seven book chapters, presented at more than eighty-five international conferences, and mentored thirty-four postgraduate students. She is an international mentor and a protocol development specialist.

Contents

**Section 1**

Homeostasis

**Section 2**

and Viral Infections

*by Razan Zohairee*

**Preface XI**

Cell with a Signature **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 9**

**Chapter 3 33**

Functional Biomarkers **53**

**Chapter 4 55** Early Predictive Biomarkers for Hypertension Using Human Fetal Astrocytes

**Chapter 5 77**

**Chapter 6 87**

Introductory Chapter: Anaemia and Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure

Erythrocytes as Biomarkers of Virus and Bacteria in View of Metal Ion

Modulations in Oxidative Stress of Erythrocytes during Bacterial

*by Fahmida Abdi, Ann M. Simpson, Sara Lal and Kaneez Fatima Shad*

The Study of Some Possible Risk Factors for Arterial Thrombosis

*by Marina Koridze, Marina Nagervadze, Maria Sarkhaiani, Leila Akhvlediani, Rusudan Khukhunaishvili, Ketevan Dolidze, Sophiko Tskvitinidze, Shorena Gabaidze, Irina Nakashidze,* 

Detection of Benzo[a]Pyrene Diol Epoxide-DNA Adducts in White Blood

*by Vani Rajashekaraiah, Carl Hsieh and Masannagari Pallavi*

*by Kaneez Fatima Shad and Nazar Luqman Bilgrami*

*by Erland Johansson and Anders B. Falk*

Cells of Asphalt Plant Workers in Syria

in the Example of Georgian Patients

*Sopio Garakanidze and Giorgi Nikolaishvili*
