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## Meet the editor

Anna Sikora is a microbiologist, professor at the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB) PAS, Warsaw, Poland, and a leader of the Laboratory of White Biotechnology, Warsaw, Poland. She is a graduate of the Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw. She received her Ph.D. and postdoctoral degrees from IBB PAS. She specializes in research on anaerobic digestion, fermentation processes, biogases (biohydrogen and biomethane)

production; microbial communities and nutritional interactions between microorganisms; microbial iron reduction; and mutagenesis and DNA repair in bacteria. She has authored experimental papers, book chapters, and conference reports. She cooperates with the sugar industry in the field of applied research on the development of a method to obtain hydrogen and methane during anaerobic digestion of byproducts and wastes from sugar production.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

of Developing Countries

*and Joseph Sekhar Santhappan*

*by Martina Pilloni and Tareq Abu Hamed*

Biowaste Generation for Biogas Production

*by Isaac Mbir Bryant and Martha Osei-Marfo*

of Textile Processing Wastewater

*by Jagannadh Satyavolu and Robert Lupitskyy*

*and De Salima Diba*

**Preface XI**

Processing of Industrial Wastewater **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 15**

**Chapter 3 33** Employment of Organic Residues for Methane Production: The Use of Wastes

Processing of Household Wastes **55**

**Chapter 4 57**

**Chapter 5 81**

**Chapter 6 107**

*by Alfredo de Jesús Martínez-Roldán, María Dolores Josefina Rodríguez-Rosales,* 

Small-Size Biogas Technology Applications for Rural Areas in the Context

Techno Economic Studies on the Effective Utilization of Non-Uniform

Innovative Designs in Household Biogas Digester in Built Neighbourhoods

*by Godwin Glivin, Mariappan Vairavan, Premalatha Manickam* 

Acetogenic Pretreatment as an Energy Efficient Method for Treatment

Evaluation of Physical and Chemical Pretreatment Methods to Improve Efficiency of Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Streams from Grain Processing

of the Pulp and Paper Industry to Produce Biogas - A Case Study

*Sergio Valle Cervantes and Thania Azucena Mendez-Perez*

*by Nadim Reza Khandaker, Mohammad Moshiur Rahman* 

## Contents


Preface

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of biomass to methane and carbon dioxide is promoted by the activity and interactions of many different physiological groups of microorganisms that form specialized microbial communities. These microorganisms are responsible for four steps of AD: hydrolysis of polymeric organic matter to monomers, acidogenesis (acidic fermentations), acetogenesis (degradation of acidic fermentation products to dioxide, hydrogen, and acetic acid, which are substrates for methanogenesis), and finally methanogenesis, that is, the formation of methane. AD is a key process in the global carbon cycle and energy flow in ecosystems. It commonly occurs in natural anoxic ecosystems such as water sediments, wetlands,

Biomethane and carbon dioxide are also generated in the environment as the result of human activity at landfill sites, anaerobic wastewater treatment plants, and biogas plants. Thus AD is an excellent method for utilization of wastes and production of green energy in local facilities located at small factories, workplaces, and in

This book presents examples of AD solutions in specific regions and sites. Local installations are particularly important for producing dispersed energy and protecting the environment via the utilization of different types of waste such as textile processing wastewater, wastes of the pulp and paper industry, waste streams from grain processing, and domestic sewage. Through AD, energy and heat are supplied to nearby consumers, which has great economic significance. Furthermore, biogasproducing local installations contribute to increasing the share of renewable energy in overall energy production and to reducing greenhouse effects on a global scale.

**Anna Sikora**

Warsaw, Poland

Laboratory of White Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics,

Polish Academy of Sciences,

marshlands, and the digestive tracts of animals.

rural areas and housing complexes.
