**Abstract**

Ceramic materials are well known for their hardness, inertness, superior mechanical and thermal properties, resistance against chemical erosion and corrosion. Ceramic nanofibers were first manufactured through a combination of electrospinning with sol–gel method in 2002. The electrospun ceramic nanofibers display unprecedented properties such as high surface area, length, thermomechanical properties, and hierarchically porous structure which make them candidates for a wide range of applications such as tissue engineering, sensors, water remediation, energy storage, electromagnetic shielding, thermal insulation materials, etc. This chapter focuses on the most recent advances in the applications of ceramic nanofibers.

**Keywords:** applications, Li-ion battery, catalysts, ceramic nanofibers, electromagnetic shielding, electrospinning, nanofiber, sensors, thermal insulation, tissue engineering, water remediation

#### **1. Introduction**

Nanofibers are 1D nanostructured materials with some distinctive characteristics, such as large surface areas, well-controlled composition, flexibility, tunable porosity, ease of surface functionalization, and high mechanical/thermal properties which make them suitable for a number of different applications such as energy harvesting and storage [1, 2], filtration [3, 4], sensors [5, 6], tissue engineering [7–9], wound healing [10, 11], drug delivery [12, 13], polymer reinforcement [14, 15], and so on.

The possibility of producing nanofibers from a wide range of materials, including polymers, metals and metal oxides, carbon-based, and composite nanomaterials forms the significant impact of nanofiber technology [16]. The development of ceramic nanofibers has attracted a significant interest over the recent years. Ceramic nanofibers (CNFs) have been developed by the application of different methods such as magnetron sputtering [17], solution blowing [18], laser spinning [19], chemical vapor deposition [20], template synthesis [21], phase separation [22], hydrothermal treatment [23], and electrospinning [24–26]. Various kinds of ceramic nanofibers classified roughly into two groups such as oxide nanofibers (SiO2, SnO2, TiO2, α-Al2O3, WO3, BaTiO3) and non-oxides (carbides (B4C, SiC), borides, nitrides, silicides, sulfides) have been fabricated and are proven to be used in many different applications with high performance and efficiency.
