**7. Conclusion**

As discussed above, electrospinning is one of the most efficient techniques used for the synthesis of nanomaterials [30]. It enables the incorporation of unique properties including large surface area, small size, and high activity, which are expected to develop advanced packaging systems for fulfilling consumers' needs. However, nano or micro sized components may lead to environmental pollution or even health risks due to their migration into food and drinks, whereas our knowledge regarding the potential threats from the used nanomaterials is still relatively lacking [35]. Research and experimentation by various organisations along with academic individuals have stated that the bioactive molecules that were naturally derived were better incorporated into polymeric nanofibers and also improved the membrane and scaffolds manufacturing using such electrospun nanofibers [34].

Although ESN includes antimicrobial and loading other similar agents, the spectrum of this range is limited to some curing agents. The further investigation

**91**

**Author details**

Lingayya Hiremath1

Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Bangalore, Karnataka, India

\*, O. Sruti1

\*Address all correspondence to: lingayah@rvce.edu.in

provided the original work is properly cited.

, B.M. Aishwarya1

1 Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi,

2 Department of Biotechnology, Maharani's Science College for Women,

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

, N.G. Kala1

and E. Keshamma<sup>2</sup>

*Electrospun Nanofibers: Characteristic Agents and Their Applications*

is to be focused on broadening this spectrum resulting into a diversified product with composite materials [33]. Currently, the control on the deposition deposition, porosity, inter-linkage and intra-linkages made nanofiber accessible in almost all the fields- food industry, wound healing management etc. [30]. Environmental field applications with surface functionalized nanofibers are facing a few challenges that need to be tackled which include capacity reduction and kinetic slowness after surface modifications. The level of research to uplift the current properties for targeted action is not up to the mark, hence needs further investigation by the agricultural and food industries for a real time response. Apart from this, combining the nanofibers with microfluidic systems is still challenging because it requires nanofibers with the well-controlled diameter and orientation, as well as the reproducibility to place them at specific positions and with the right orientation [33].

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97494*

### *Electrospun Nanofibers: Characteristic Agents and Their Applications DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97494*

is to be focused on broadening this spectrum resulting into a diversified product with composite materials [33]. Currently, the control on the deposition deposition, porosity, inter-linkage and intra-linkages made nanofiber accessible in almost all the fields- food industry, wound healing management etc. [30]. Environmental field applications with surface functionalized nanofibers are facing a few challenges that need to be tackled which include capacity reduction and kinetic slowness after surface modifications. The level of research to uplift the current properties for targeted action is not up to the mark, hence needs further investigation by the agricultural and food industries for a real time response. Apart from this, combining the nanofibers with microfluidic systems is still challenging because it requires nanofibers with the well-controlled diameter and orientation, as well as the reproducibility to place them at specific positions and with the right orientation [33].
