Meet the editors

Dr. Panagiotis Tsikouras is a specialist in obstetrics-gynecology, perinatal medicine, and contraception at the School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece. He is also the headmaster of the Family Planning Centre and Gynecological Cytology Laboratory at the same university. Dr. Tsikouras is a fellow of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. His scientific activities focus on paediatric and adoles-

cence medicine, gynecological oncology, high-risk pregnancies. He is a reviewer for several international journals and has numerous scientific publications to his credit, including papers and book chapters. He has also contributed to international and national guidelines on coagulation and thrombosis in obstetrics-gynecology.

Dr. Nikos Nikolettos is a specialist in obstetrics, gynecology and assisted reproduction at the Democritus University of Thrace, Greece. He is trained in gynecological endocrinology, human reproduction, and in vitro fertilization. From 2007 to 2011, Dr. Nikos served as director of the In Vitro Fertilization Unit, University Regional General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece. From 2012 to 2018, he was director of the Laboratory of Reproductive

Physiology - Artificial Fertilization. In 2018 he became Professor of Assisted Reproduction at the Democritus University of Thrace, Greece. In 2019 he took over the management of the University Obstetrics-Gynecology Clinic, Medical Department, Democritus University of Thrace. His scientific work includes more than 100 publications in international journals and many lectures by invitation to international and Greek conferences.

Dr. Werner Rath is a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, gynecologic oncology, perinatal medicine, and hemostaseology. He is currently a professor in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine, University of Kiel, Germany, and honorary doctor at the Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupoli University Hospital He previously served as chief of the *Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at University Hospital RWTH Aachen,* 

*Germany*. Dr. Rath is a reviewer for numerous journals and chief editor of *Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde* (GebFra). He has several publications, including thirteen book chapters, to his credit.

Dr. Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff is a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, gynecologic oncology, perinatal medicine, and hemostaseology. He is chief of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Vinzenz Hospital Hanau, Germany, and head of the Institute for Thrombosis and Coagulation Disorders in Gynecology and Obstetrics, Germany. He is a fellow of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.

His scientific focus is hemostaseological and hemorheological disorders in women

with miscarriages, preeclampsia, and thrombosis. Dr. von Tempelhoff is a reviewer for numerous journals and, in addition to his publications and book chapters, has also contributed to international and national guidelines on coagulation and thrombosis in gynecology.

Contents

**Section 1**

Second Stage Cesarean Section

*by Jayaraman Nambiar and Thiencherry Rema*

Twin Pregnancies Labour Modus and Timing

Cesarean Section and Breastfeeding Outcomes *by Angeliki Antonakou and Dimitrios Papoutsis*

*by Frederico José Amédeé Péret and Liv Braga de Paula*

Magnitude, Factors Associated with Cesarean Delivery and Its

Association of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational

Weight Gain with Preterm Delivery in Pregnant Women

VTE Prophylaxis in Cesarean Section

Caesarean Section *by Tshililo J. Mashamba*

Appropriateness

*by Awoke Giletew Wondie*

*by Bhavya Baxi and Jigna Shah*

*by Panagiotis Tsikouras, Anna Chalkidou, Anastasia Bothou, Angeliki Gerede, Xanthoula Anthoulaki, Spyridon Michalopoulos, Ioannis Tsirkas, Fotini Gaitatzi, Irene Babageorgaka, Apostolos Lazarou, Natalia Sachnova, Michael Koutsogiannis, Konstantinos Nikolettos, Theopi Nalbanti, Eythimios Demosthenous, Georgios Dragoutsos,* 

*Ifigenia Apostolou, Alexios Alexiou, Panagiotis Petsidis, Stefanos Zervoudis, George Iatrakis, Werner Rath, George Galazios and Nikolaos Nikolettos*

**Preface XI**

Caeasarean Section in General **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 11**

**Chapter 3 35**

**Chapter 4 55**

**Chapter 5 67**

**Chapter 6 83**

**Chapter 7 93**
