Light Emitting Diodes and Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

**3**

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

emissive layer

**1. Introduction**

highly ambitious and universal [3].

of OLEDs

Conducting Polymer-Based

*Debashish Nayak and Ram Bilash Choudhary*

displays are smaller, lighter, and more portable.

Emissive Layer on Efficiency

Many changes have arisen in the world of display technologies as time has passed. In the vast area of display technology, Organic light-emitting diode is a recent and exciting discovery. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have received a lot of curiosity among the researcher in recent years as the next generation of lighting and displays due to their numerous advantages, such as superior efficiency, mechanical flexibility and stability, chemical versatility, ease of fabrication, and so on. It works on the theory of electroluminescence, which is a mechanism in which electrical energy converts to light energy. Organic LEDs have a thickness of 100 to 500 nanometers or 200 times that of human hair. In OLEDs, organic material can be used in two or three layers. The emissive layer plays a key role in OLEDs. Polymers are used in the emissive layer to enhance the efficiency of OLEDs at the same time self-luminescence materials are used in OLEDs. In displays, this self-illuminating property removes the need for backlighting. Compared to LEDs and LCDs, OLED

**Keywords:** Conducting Polymer, recombination, OLEDs, luminescence,

Today, using electronics is so much a part of our daily lives that we rarely imagine what life will be like without them. Electronics and mechanical assets are used in a variety of operations ranging from food to music. Because of the high demand for electrons, chemists, physicists, and other scientists and engineers are developing a plethora of novel organic materials that will change how society views technology [1]. Organic printed electronics are being developed for a variety of applications such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), electronic journals, portable electronics, and various sensors [2]. It is anticipated that compact, small, and lightweight devices with cost-effective usability can lead creativity into our lives, making research and development (R&D) in this field

OLEDs, as self-emitting devices, have high image efficiency, are ultra-thin, and light in weight [4]. They have become popular with the general public due to their use in mobile phones such as Samsung's Galaxy, iPhone, etc.**.** For the time being, OLEDs are mass-produced using an evaporation technique. While this method is
