**5. The chaos theory in behavior research as a new paradigm**

The chaos theory suggests that an individual could act randomly although the systems are deterministic. The individual acts randomly because of his/her level of self-control, creativity or personal innovativeness and subtlely [1, 69, 70]. If the individual is in a state of technostress, or a chaotic situation, his/her capabilities are shown by the coping strategies that he/she uses to accomplish a complicated task. The authors argue that coping behavior is a transaction carried out by an individual to overcome the various demands (internal and external) of the thing that burdens and interferes with his/her survival. Coping is a cognitive and behavioral effort to manage (reduce, minimize, or tolerate) the internal and external demands of the person-environment transactions that an individual judge to exceed his/her resources [80]. Each individual will have a unique coping strategy for overcoming or hinting at a way to solve his/her problem. It means that when ICT users experience technostress, they should adjust themselves to the system or organizational environment.

When dealing with stress triggers, individuals overcome these disorders by using two main processes that are continuous, and which influence each other [80, 81].
