**3.1.1.1 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia**

The first case of wandering spleen associated to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) was described in the literature in 1940 by Bohrer. Several cases have been reported since then (Yasuda et al, 2010; Fiquet-François et al, 2010; Yilmaz et al, 2008; De Foer et al, 1994). The diagnosis of both pathologies can occur at the same time or the diagnosis of wandering spleen can be secondary to CDH. With CDH wandering spleen can be a result of an abnormal or absence of retroperitoneal fixation. Based on these data, all patients with CDH should be considered as potential candidates for wandering spleen.

#### **3.1.1.2 Omphalocele**

Yilmaz reported the unusual case of wandering spleen associated to omphalocele. (Yilmaz et al, 2008) As a possible cause for this association they listed defects on the abdominal walls through which the organs were protruding, resulting in a restriction of the stomach and spleen normal rotation or inefficient fusion after the rotation has been completed

#### **3.1.2 Familial wandering spleen**

Ben Ely described the first case of familial wandering spleen with two sisters diagnosed at a 3-year interval. (Ben Ely et al, 2008)
