**Table 3.**

*Percentage variation of linear SDOF under Loma Prieta earthquake.*

responses obtained are accurate and hence programming in it for time integration problems will lead to trustworthy results.

These methods are thus based on two essential features:


As the percentage difference between central difference method and wilson-θ method is negligible these programs can be extended to various earthquake ground motions and also for non-linear simulations. There is a need to track the system displacement, member spring force and spring stiffness to solve the problems in material nonlinearity. It should be noted that the time steps and appropriate stiffness has to be chosen very carefully to obtain accurate results. With the establishment of appropriate modeling for various other integration methods the accuracy can be further improved and time constraint problems can be easily solved.
