**Abstract**

To date, research efforts have demonstrated the stimulated need for the Internet of Things (IoT) based monitoring device in their laboratory. The benefits of remote laboratories in overcoming time constraints and the disadvantages of usability of conventional laboratories are well known. In addition to the current control engineering laboratories, a remote lab that incorporates an industry-relevant method has been established to assist in the understanding of data acquisition with cost-effective platform integration. However, one of the greatest challenges is the creation of a low-cost and user-friendly remote laboratory experiment that is ideal for interacting with the actual laboratory via a mobile device. The main objective of this work is therefore to build a remote laboratory system based on the IoT using the LabVIEW-Arduino interface with the example of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) tuning scheme for the LD-Didactic temperature plant. The practical work would include the implementation of the low-cost Arduino module connecting the actual plant to mobile devices. In addition, interfaces have been built using the Blynk application to allow communication between the end user and the laboratory equipment. In line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0), the proposed study structure called for the digitization of the current laboratory experiment method.

**Keywords:** Arduino-LABVIEW, temperature application, remote laboratory, interfacing module, data acquisition, internet-of-things

### **1. Introduction**

Studies in remote laboratory are one form of teaching adaptation that reflects the delivery of practical experience in learning. The common transition from traditional laboratory to remote laboratory has always been associated with automation and online technology, while common implementation involves embedded or monitoring related experiments. As a result, an interactive laboratory can be developed to engage students' comprehension in the learning process. It is worth to shift the laboratory implementation without overlooking the hands-on element. This is in line with the advancement of IR4.0 which extends the education system with IoT into endless possibilities in online learning.

This would support both students and instructors by enhancing the learning environment and exposing students to the industrialized sector. As a core learning process, laboratory experience is essential to learning processes in all areas of engineering. Studies have shown that students who participate in well-designed laboratory experiences gain valuable skills and competencies. Some agree that the development of laboratory activities that enable students to conduct experiments remotely would increase students' commitment to furthering their education. At the same time provide training for high-tech careers by fostering the skills desired by potential employers [1]. Indeed, this not only allow students to actively participate in the learning process, but they will also have vivid experiences, can work in a group or independently, and their attention will improve their commitment and satisfaction [2]. On the management side, remote laboratories benefited by reducing the number of scheduling arrangements, overcoming equipment inadequacy, and reduce overloading students by utilizing the learning versatility provided by IoT.

As a result, the need to transform the traditional laboratory into a remote laboratory is significant. In these circumstances, effective interfaces must be established in order to achieve system monitoring as well as remote application interconnectivity through the internet. Such requirements can be met by using a data acquisition system, in this case LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) in conjunction with Arduino board. Furthermore, the proposed system is not limited to laboratory applications and can be extended to other applications such as solar photovoltaic, agriculture, and environmental studies. The importance of such a framework can be seen in open-source hardware as a data acquisition device that is easily configurable to meet the intended requirements of specific applications.

The remaining chapter discusses the trend and review on the open-source interfacing module for remote applications along with implementation challenges in Section 2. Section 3 presents the methodology, to cover overall software and hardware used in this work implementation of interfacing module to acquire the data. The process known as data acquisition will demonstrate how the data transferring process is designed to collect the data from and to the real plant in the laboratory. Section 4 and Section 5 discuss Blynk integration to modular hardware as well with example of case study for PID simulation in real time execution.
