**2. Speech signal processing**

The speech recognition and processing are playing a vital role in various industries including data acquisition, hands-free mobile manufacture for physically challenged, instrumentation field and machine control. For implementing the speech recognition system in LabVIEW platform, the prerequisites include sound card, microphone and other accessories related to the hardware PC/Mobile. In the design of intelligent voice system using LabVIEW [4], Virtual Instrument (VI) can be incorporated to simplify the process of Voice Recognition Technology (VRT). It has been enriched with the features of graphical-based programming, digital data stream and simplified programming model to involve the audio front panel. Even though speech signal of different people may have similar power spectrum, the low frequency band will differ uniquely for each and every user. Therefore, after recording the voice it can be analyzed with the help of sound acquisition module in LabVIEW [4]. Once speech signal is received from the microphone, it is preprocessed and filtered before adding the Hamming window to calculate the power spectrum of each user. From the power spectrum, low frequency peaks can be obtained in order to identify the voice characteristics of individual user. Using Labview PSD module peak frequency is extracted from the spectrum of voice signal.

**119**

*Certain Applications of LabVIEW in the Field of Electronics and Communication*

The design can be divided into training and recognition. In the training phase each user's voice is acquired from the input speech device, such as microphone. LabVIEW stores the sound as a waveform arrays. Each waveform in the array represents one channel. Therefore, for stereophonic system two waveform elements will be present in an array. Since each channel plays simultaneously in the stereo system, and the data will be represented in the form of Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). In the pulse code modulated data, each element in an array will be proportional to the pitch or intensity of the signal. Each array will be arranged from minimum to maximum with zero as centered. If the array data type is of 16-bit or 32-bit signed integer, then the values will range from 0 to 65536 for 16-bit which will be centered at 32768 similarly from 0 to 4,294,967,296 for 32-bit will be centered at 2,147,483,648. A buffer of elements each with the value of zero (32768–16 bit, 2,147,483,648–32 bit) represents silence. The recommended hardware for sound and vibration measurement in the category of high performance model includes NI 4461 and NI 4462, high density model includes NI 4495, NI 4496, and NI 4498, low cost model includes NI 4472 and NI 4474 and portable/compact model includes NI 9233, NI 9234, NI 4432 and NI 4431. Using the sound acquisition module the voice signal will be read through PC sound card. The power spectrum will be obtained through hamming window and after identifying the low frequency peaks template for each and every user will be stored in the module. In the recognition phase, the voice of any user can be taken and it will be compared with the template frequency

LabVIEW, an easier graphical programming environment than GUI based application development platforms like Visual Basic and Visual C++. The conventional instrumentation does not perform analysis and controlling of multiple signals at the same time but LabVIEW with Virtual Instrumentation will do so. The main advantage of LabVIEW is that it can be used for PC-based monitoring and data logging. The latest processors that have been used for the embedded system design are ARM microcontrollers. LabVIEW has a comprehensive graphical development

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96301*

band to verify the identity of concerned person.

**3. Labview for embedded systems**

*Certain Applications of LabVIEW in the Field of Electronics and Communication DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96301*

*LabVIEW - A Flexible Environment for Modeling and Daily Laboratory Use*

the audio streams.

updates [3].

**2. Speech signal processing**

Radek et al., [1, 2] have incorporated the multi-channel methods using least mean square algorithm (LMS) and independent component analysis (ICA) to provide the mathematical calculations to avoid additive noise in speech signal. For smart home implementation, the LabVIEW SW tool is used for visualization, speech recognition, virtual cable connection to the sound card, and the actual mathematical calculations within additive noise canceling. The speech recognition engine will provide communication between LabVIEW and the recognizer. Its function is to convert input command into stream of text outputs. The output will be compared with the recognized command and the appropriate command will be given to ON/OFF the devices like Fan, Television, Washing Machine, Vacuum Cleaner, Dish Washer, etc. in the home. The Virtual Audio Cable (VA – Cable) is a software used for communicating between the devices using

LabVIEW is capable of executing/implementing many parallel loops on FPGA and real-time controllers by using a set of complex math functions. To make it more powerful, it has been integrated with LabVIEW SoftMotion Module and Kollmorgen AKD drives and motors to control the smart machines in all aspects. It also helps in the maintenance of smart machines after their deployment in the world by implementing centralized resource management, diagnostics, and remote

The speech recognition and processing are playing a vital role in various industries including data acquisition, hands-free mobile manufacture for physically challenged, instrumentation field and machine control. For implementing the speech recognition system in LabVIEW platform, the prerequisites include sound card, microphone and other accessories related to the hardware PC/Mobile. In the design of intelligent voice system using LabVIEW [4], Virtual Instrument (VI) can be incorporated to simplify the process of Voice Recognition Technology (VRT). It has been enriched with the features of graphical-based programming, digital data stream and simplified programming model to involve the audio front panel. Even though speech signal of different people may have similar power spectrum, the low frequency band will differ uniquely for each and every user. Therefore, after recording the voice it can be analyzed with the help of sound acquisition module in LabVIEW [4]. Once speech signal is received from the microphone, it is preprocessed and filtered before adding the Hamming window to calculate the power spectrum of each user. From the power spectrum, low frequency peaks can be obtained in order to identify the voice characteristics of individual user. Using Labview PSD module peak frequency is extracted from the spectrum of

**118**

voice signal.

The design can be divided into training and recognition. In the training phase each user's voice is acquired from the input speech device, such as microphone. LabVIEW stores the sound as a waveform arrays. Each waveform in the array represents one channel. Therefore, for stereophonic system two waveform elements will be present in an array. Since each channel plays simultaneously in the stereo system, and the data will be represented in the form of Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). In the pulse code modulated data, each element in an array will be proportional to the pitch or intensity of the signal. Each array will be arranged from minimum to maximum with zero as centered. If the array data type is of 16-bit or 32-bit signed integer, then the values will range from 0 to 65536 for 16-bit which will be centered at 32768 similarly from 0 to 4,294,967,296 for 32-bit will be centered at 2,147,483,648. A buffer of elements each with the value of zero (32768–16 bit, 2,147,483,648–32 bit) represents silence. The recommended hardware for sound and vibration measurement in the category of high performance model includes NI 4461 and NI 4462, high density model includes NI 4495, NI 4496, and NI 4498, low cost model includes NI 4472 and NI 4474 and portable/compact model includes NI 9233, NI 9234, NI 4432 and NI 4431. Using the sound acquisition module the voice signal will be read through PC sound card. The power spectrum will be obtained through hamming window and after identifying the low frequency peaks template for each and every user will be stored in the module. In the recognition phase, the voice of any user can be taken and it will be compared with the template frequency band to verify the identity of concerned person.

### **3. Labview for embedded systems**

LabVIEW, an easier graphical programming environment than GUI based application development platforms like Visual Basic and Visual C++. The conventional instrumentation does not perform analysis and controlling of multiple signals at the same time but LabVIEW with Virtual Instrumentation will do so. The main advantage of LabVIEW is that it can be used for PC-based monitoring and data logging.

The latest processors that have been used for the embedded system design are ARM microcontrollers. LabVIEW has a comprehensive graphical development

environment module for ARM microcontrollers. This has been jointly developed by Keil - An ARM Company and NI instruments for Embedded System design applications. This module will reduce the development cost and fasten the programming part for Embedded System Design. This module includes hundreds of analysis and signal processing functions, integrated I/O, and an interactive debugging interface [5]. These advantages of LabVIEW pays a path for its usage in embedded applications for controlling. There are many case studies for such kinds of applications.

The photovoltaic panel emulator can be designed using LabVIEW interfaces to identify the characteristics of electrical parameters of PV panel. In the model designed by Gurkan et al. [6], four PV panels has been monitored with the help of PV panel emulator and electronic potentiometer. All the panels and modules has been connected to the ATMEGA2560 main control unit. Because of the flexibility and enriched features, LabVIEW is incorporated to provide communication between PC and the main control unit. The serial communication port COMPORT in LabVIEW will be used to send array of strings to and from PC and PV panels. Using the LabVIEW specific interface can be designed to observe the electrical characteristics of PV panel in real time by adjusting the resistance values of electrical potentiometer.

A smart turf harvesting machine (ProSlap 155) has been designed using a CompactRIO controller by FireFly in 2014. The CompactRIO has been used as hardware for the machine and LabVIEW used as software. To perform the parallel operations, the FireFly has combined traditional fluid power systems with a servo-electric system on the machine using the LabVIEW and CompactRIO. The LabVIEW has been used to program 80 different sensors and 100 digital outputs of the hardware and provide a secure Internet gateway to remotely monitor and control the turf harvester. The ProSlap 155 turf harvester increases the harvesting speed to 20% and reduces the fuel consumption up to 50% and this increases farm productivity [7].

LabVIEW is one of the best software used in the production process control system applications. It has been used to remotely control the Crude Oil Separator in Crude oil industries. Wireless connectivity through TCP/IP protocol has been established between the LabVIEW and the PIC microcontroller for controlling and automation of crude oil separators. It has used to control the pressure and level of a Gas and Liquids in the crude oil separator (**Figure 1**) [8].

**121**

*Certain Applications of LabVIEW in the Field of Electronics and Communication*

LabVIEW is also used to control a device. In this case study, the LabVIEW is used to control the speed of the DC motor based on the temperature in the devices like CPU, Air Conditioner, etc. The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the environment of the system. The DC motor is connected with the Arduino board. The board will send the PWM output to control the speed of the motor. The duty cycle of the PWM output is decided by the LabVIEW based on the temperature value from the sensor. As the temperature varies, the speed of the

Present world is looking for high throughput fast processing system with features that meets ideal specifications. As we know, a system complexity increases consequently the system hardware and software must be complicated to attain the desired target within the time specification. As we are going through the era of artificial intelligence and machine learning so that it is necessary to add technological improvements in our system designs to compete with latest market trends. In the field of robotics, software and hardware have equal responsibility and functionality to attain the accuracy while take part in a certain action. In order to create a stable perfect system, the designer can choose graphical based design rather than conven-

LabVIEW can easily use as a flexible environment for the robotic design. LabVIEW is a development environment that will provide flexibility for automated product design validation and monitoring of a machine status. Here the designer can use the language "G" for the system coding and drag and drop option of appropriate functional blocks will generate a working system according to the

Industrial machine builders [10] are forced to deliver machines that meets several demands. It is necessary to hold their unique position in the respective field with respect to the competitors. LabVIEW is mainly used for building a graphical user interfaces for systems and also it is utilizing inherent parallelism for instrumentation, control system and robotics. If the designers are looking for a simple design in the hardware and software LabVIEW is the best option for that. Robotic arm control mechanism needs more accuracy to work in the fields such as of medical electronics and chemical industry. The processor will run according to the program coded using lab view and the processor will generate the control signals to

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96301*

motor will also be varied (**Figure 2**) [9].

tional system design.

**Figure 2.**

*System Block Diagram.*

specifications.

**4. Applications of LabVIEW in robotics and VLSI**

control and monitor the movement of robotic arm.

**Figure 1.** *System Block Diagram of Crude Oil Separator.*

*Certain Applications of LabVIEW in the Field of Electronics and Communication DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96301*

**Figure 2.** *System Block Diagram.*

*LabVIEW - A Flexible Environment for Modeling and Daily Laboratory Use*

environment module for ARM microcontrollers. This has been jointly developed by Keil - An ARM Company and NI instruments for Embedded System design applications. This module will reduce the development cost and fasten the programming part for Embedded System Design. This module includes hundreds of analysis and signal processing functions, integrated I/O, and an interactive debugging interface [5]. These advantages of LabVIEW pays a path for its usage in embedded applications for controlling. There are many case studies for such kinds of applications. The photovoltaic panel emulator can be designed using LabVIEW interfaces to identify the characteristics of electrical parameters of PV panel. In the model designed by Gurkan et al. [6], four PV panels has been monitored with the help of PV panel emulator and electronic potentiometer. All the panels and modules has been connected to the ATMEGA2560 main control unit. Because of the flexibility and enriched features, LabVIEW is incorporated to provide communication between PC and the main control unit. The serial communication port COMPORT in LabVIEW will be used to send array of strings to and from PC and PV panels. Using the LabVIEW specific interface can be designed to observe the electrical characteristics of PV panel in real time by adjusting the resistance values of electrical potentiometer. A smart turf harvesting machine (ProSlap 155) has been designed using a CompactRIO controller by FireFly in 2014. The CompactRIO has been used as hardware for the machine and LabVIEW used as software. To perform the parallel operations, the FireFly has combined traditional fluid power systems with a servo-electric system on the machine using the LabVIEW and CompactRIO. The LabVIEW has been used to program 80 different sensors and 100 digital outputs of the hardware and provide a secure Internet gateway to remotely monitor and control the turf harvester. The ProSlap 155 turf harvester increases the harvesting speed to 20% and reduces the fuel consumption up to 50% and this increases farm

LabVIEW is one of the best software used in the production process control system applications. It has been used to remotely control the Crude Oil Separator in Crude oil industries. Wireless connectivity through TCP/IP protocol has been established between the LabVIEW and the PIC microcontroller for controlling and automation of crude oil separators. It has used to control the pressure and level of a

Gas and Liquids in the crude oil separator (**Figure 1**) [8].

**120**

**Figure 1.**

*System Block Diagram of Crude Oil Separator.*

productivity [7].

LabVIEW is also used to control a device. In this case study, the LabVIEW is used to control the speed of the DC motor based on the temperature in the devices like CPU, Air Conditioner, etc. The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the environment of the system. The DC motor is connected with the Arduino board. The board will send the PWM output to control the speed of the motor. The duty cycle of the PWM output is decided by the LabVIEW based on the temperature value from the sensor. As the temperature varies, the speed of the motor will also be varied (**Figure 2**) [9].
