**3. Conclusions**

This chapter summarizes the most relevant issues that will have to be faced by AI and BC during their convergence. Such issues will be addressed in the different chapters of this book, which shows the potential of the integration of AI and BC. Thus, this book includes state-of-the-art and future research opportunities of the convergence of AI and BC.

The book also deals with the technological and practical limitations to be addressed regarding scalability, privacy, smart contract security, trusted oracles, consensus protocols, interaction with Industry 4.0/Industry 5.0 technologies, quantum computing resiliency, reduction of carbon footprint, standardization, interoperability, regulations, and governance. The results obtained from the described analyses will allow for guiding the future developers of interdisciplinary AI and BC applications and/or the convergence of such fields, and to contribute to the development of the next generation of innovations based on BC-AI systems.
