2.**Innovation driven by BC-AI systems used jointly with Industry 4.0/ Industry 5.0 Enabling Technologies**


### 3.**Quantum computing**

• In the coming quantum computing era, new attacks against classic cryptosystems will be developed, therefore researchers will have to pay attention to the quantum computing scene and its advances [20].

*Introductory Chapter: Opportunities and Challenges on the Convergence of Blockchain… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101389*

### 4.**Reduction of carbon footprint and energy efficiency optimization**

• Researchers will have to study how to minimize the environmental impact and maximize energy efficiency [18] when deploying BC-AI systems. Specifically, researchers will have to develop novel approaches to optimize cryptosystems and reduce the energy consumption of AI techniques.

## 5.**Standardization and regulations**

• Although standards for BC technology are already currently being developed [21], regulations for BC deployment in the context of AI applications need to be established at local and global levels. In addition, compliance with current legislative directives implies the cooperation of a wide range of global stakeholders and the creation of proof-of-concepts to define the correct set of technical standards for ensuring interoperability.

### 6.**Corporate governance, corporate strategy, and culture**

• The ability of organizations to experiment with new business strategies and to make long-term investments will be important in the adoption of BC-AI innovative systems, as a collaborative approach is necessary to incorporate all stakeholders and to establish new ways of creating value while lowering carbon emissions.
