**Chapter 7 121**

Intact Cell Mass Spectrometry for Embryonic Stem Cell Biotyping *by Petr Vaňhara, Lukáš Moráň, Lukáš Pečinka, Volodymyr Porokh, Tiziana Pivetta, Sebastiano Masuri, Eladia Maria Peña-Méndez, José Elías Conde González, Aleš Hampl and Josef Havel*

Preface

Mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most used analytical tools for analyzing complex organic and inorganic samples. Analyses of biological samples in life sciences, medical sciences, clinical laboratories, food processing, research, and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry are routinely performed using different MS approaches. Furthermore, MS is applied for controlling the origin of food and identifying mislabeled products and toxins in foods [1–4]. Identification of illicit substances and drugs of abuse relies heavily on MS, and its use is widely reported [5–11]. Technological innovations, such as improved ion transfer, improved ionization efficiency, and mass resolution of mass spectrometers, have significantly

A significant number of analytical methods for MS in clinical laboratories have been developed in the recent past. Development of these methods has rapidly increased as the COVID-19 pandemic holds humankind in its grip, and techniques for fast high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS)

In the chapter "Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Laboratories," Miletić Vukajlović and Panić-Janković discuss the development of MS methods for newborn screening and detection of modifications in the metabolome of amino acids that can lead to severe health conditions. Identifying such changes has helped develop more effective treatment methods. The authors further discuss the detection and analysis of antibiotics in clinical samples, which is an important topic considering the growing

In the chapter "Identification of Peptides and Proteins in Illegally Distributed Products by MALDI-TOF-MS," Amini et al. address and discuss using MAlDI MS to trace illegal products. The market for illegal medical products, pharmaceuticals, and food is an ever-growing one, and counterfeit products are a severe threat to human health. Proteins and peptides can be identified and characterized quickly by applying MALDI, and illicit products can be traced and eliminated from the market.

Research and analysis of stem cells has given hope to many regarding the treatment of rare diseases and significant health conditions. Vaňhara et al. discuss the mass spectrometry methods for analyzing and characterizing the single intact embryonic stem cell before being used for a patient's treatment In the chapter "Intact Cell Mass Spectrometry for Embryonic Stem Cell Biotyping," Vaňhara et al. discuss MS methods for analyzing and characterizing a single, intact embryonic stem cell before using it to treat patients. MALDI-TOF MS, based on the principle of mass spectrometric "biotyping" of bacteria, is currently being used to analyze single cells. Mass spectra generated by MALDI contain information that helps to reveal the cell's immunophenotype and activation state. Results from MS allow for the identification of changes and posttranslational modifications associated with the

improved the data generated and widened the field of use.

resistance of bacteria against the antibiotics currently in use.

molecular phenotype of the applied cell lines.

have been developed and applied.
