**12. Conclusion**

Conventional Cotton breeders around the world had made a significant impact on cotton productivity improvement and germplasm conservation by their meticulous research that was developed during the early time is invaluable and highly significant. The advent of newer technology is an added advantage to the new young breeders since they can take advantage of newer technologies, but however prior knowledge of thorough conventional breeding, its limitations, and advantages of advanced molecular breeding, its limitation has to be kept in mind. A small mistake made initially during early molecular breeding may make us pay a heavy price in the end. The wealth of data like QTLs/Transgenic events/Gene-edited lines already developed can be cautiously used in crop improvement programs and further

research in advanced technologies like genomic selection, fine mapping, and gene editing has to be the priority area of research for the sustainable cotton production.
