**4.5 ND5 gene**

Tserenbataa et al. [62] collected 71 argali sheep (*O. ammon*) samples from three main geographical regions of Mongolia, and additionally from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Based on the sequenced 556 bp of the mitochondrial ND5 gene. They differentiated 17 haplotypes which were differed far from each other by transitional substitutions in most of the cases. Nucleotide diversity was low within the three regions from Mongolia (π = 0.0029) compared to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. While the variance occurred within populations was as much as 85.76%. Finally, the use of mitochondrial ND5 gene provided an opportunity to detect divergence between the Altai and Gobi, and Altai and Khangai populations at a significant level.
