**6. Metabolism of curcumin**

Curcumin is a major component of turmeric and is used as a remedy for many ailments. Curcumin is predominantly metabolized in the liver, along with gut and intestine. Reductase is responsible for the transformation of curcumin to its reduced form in enterocytes and hepatocytes. Curcumin's reductive phase-I metabolites are dihydrocurcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, and octahydrocurcumin which upon biotransformation produces glucuronide conjugates and sulfate conjugates as phase-II metabolites (**Figure 3**) [13].

**Figure 3.**

*Phase-I and phase-II metabolic pathway for curcumin.*
