**9.1 General guidelines for management of ureteral injuries**

This depends on the type and timing of presentation, the site of injury and the patient's condition. Immediate treatment is to relieve obstruction and stop leakage of urine. Definitive surgery for women with intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal leakage or obstruction, this should be undertaken as soon as the patient is stable and ready. Management of transaction and thermal injuries is the same as of intraoperatively diagnosed injuries. Very small fistulas may close with stenting. For large fistulas and when urine leaks despite stenting, surgery is required (**Figure 7**).
