**5. Conclusion**

TLRs contribute to modulate physiological and pathological processes. Besides, immunomodulation of TLRs seems to be a promising strategy. More studies are needed to decipher the molecular, cellular, and functional mechanisms involved in modulating proper brain function. Understanding such mechanisms would significantly clarify the complex nature of brain disorders. On broader aspects, mechanistic studies would facilitate finding the best therapeutic intervention for neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
