**2.4 Fungal biofilm**

Biofilm formation is one of the primary mechanisms through which fungi evade the immune response and establish infection. Clinical isolates of Fusarium, Candida and Aspergillus have been shown to form biofilms. A study reported that *F. solani* formed a biofilm in vitro by 24 h while other species (*Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Acremonium implicatum*) formed at 48 h. A time-dependent decrease in efficacy for all six antifungal agents (amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, terbinafine, and natamycin) is reported with increase in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all six antifungal agents tested with the development of biofilm [52]. This suggests that an ability to disrupt the biofilm may prove useful in increasing antifungal efficacy.
