**1. Introduction**

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of low vision in the Western world. Patients with low vision typically request treatment so that they can read, write, perform work, recognize faces, watch TV, drive a car, and so on. The damage induced by AMD leads to a central absolute or relative scotoma of different shape and extension, with subsequent loss or reduction of fine visual abilities like reading. Visual rehabilitation in AMD must begin with highlighting the vision needs of the patient. In most cases, being able to read is the first requirement. Face recognition is also very important, particularly when the visually impaired person is greeted by someone they cannot recognize, which may cause embarrassment and potential depression. The recovery of vision in intermediate visual activities such as writing, using the computer, and fine manual work are also fundamental, as is vision for watching television and movies.

The first step in visual rehabilitation is evaluating the patient's residual vision for far and near, which can be unilateral or bilateral. This must be followed by determining the preferential retinal locus (PRL), which can be located above the macula

atrophy, nasally, temporally, or inferiorly. The choice of mono or binocular optical aids for reading and distance vision is linked to the location of the PRL and the extent of the scotoma and the residual retina. It is essential to perform a series of orthoptic training for the localization and development of eccentric fixation, until the visually impaired patient becomes aware of their recovery abilities, being able to direct their gaze to the healthy retinal locus corresponding to the PRL. It is a long path that varies according to the depth of the low vision and the depth of the scotoma.
