*4.1.4 Management*


3.Plaque brachytherapy—has up to 87% chance if tumor control after local resection

Management options include local resection, plaque brachytherapy, proton

Hematogenous metastasis is faster in ciliary body melanoma as a result of

T2a—Tumor confluent with or extending into the ciliary body, without secondary glaucoma T2b—Tumor confluent with or extending into the ciliary body and choroid, without secondary

T2c—Tumor confluent with or extending into the ciliary body, choroid, or both with secondary

N1b—No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are discrete tumor deposits in the orbit that

T3—Tumor confluent with or extending into the ciliary body, choroid, or both, with scleral extension

continuous contractions of the ciliary muscle and rich vascularization.

T1a—Tumor limited to the iris, not more than 3 clock hours in size T1b—Tumor limited to the iris, more than 3 clock hours in size T1c—Tumor limited to the iris with secondary glaucoma

T2—Tumor confluent with or extending into the ciliary body, choroid, or both

T4a—Tumor with extrascleral extension ≤5 mm in largest diameter T4b—Tumor with extrascleral extension >5 mm in largest diameter

G2—Mixed cell melanoma (>10% epitheloid cells and < 90% spindle cells)

N1—Regional lymph node metastasis or discrete tumor deposits in the orbit N1a—Metastasis in one or more regional lymph node(s)

beam radiation, and enucleation.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93760*

2.Mixed cell melanoma

*4.2.3 Metastasis*

*Ocular Melanoma*

glaucoma

glaucoma

**T Category and criteria** T1—Tumor limited to the iris

T4—Tumor with extrascleral extension

G1—Spindle cell melanoma (>90% spindle cells)

G3—Epitheloid cell melanoma (>90% epitheloid cells)

M0—No distant metastasis by clinical classification

*AJCC 8th edition classification of iris melanoma [20].*

M1a—Largest diameter of the largest metastasis ≤3 cm M1b—Largest diameter of the largest metastasis 3.1–8 cm M1c—Largest diameter of the largest metastasis ≥8.1 cm

**G Category and criteria** GX—Grade cannot be assessed

**N Category and criteria**

are not contiguous to the eye **M Category and criteria**

M1—Distant metastasis

**Table 2.**

**39**

*4.2.2 Histopathological types (callender classification)*

3.Epitheloid cell melanoma—poor prognosis

4.Necrotic melanoma—poor prognosis

1.Spindle A and B type melanoma—best prognosis

