**5. Conclusions**

*Salmonella enterica supsp. Diarizonae* serotype 61:k:1:5:(7) is a host-adapted to sheep, being commonly isolated from upper respiratory tract of healthy sheep. This microorganism has been probably under-reported because traditionally it has been sought in the digestive tract of sheep and lambs when its more frequent isolation is from the upper respiratory tract. Some recent studies clarified the prevalence of SED in the nasal mucosa of healthy animals in different flocks.

Chronic proliferative rhinitis is an upper respiratory tract disorder clearly related to SED. However, the kinetics of the infection is not entirely understood, and further studies will be necessary to uncover why this saprophytic bacterium of the high respiratory tract is able to cross the epithelial barrier causing severe inflammation in some animals. In recent years, the number of CPR reports has been increased, what could mean that the knowledge and a proper description of the disease can lead to identifying new cases. Finally, it is essential to highlight that there are still some concerns about the zoonotic potential of this bacterium and the relevance of sheep as a reservoir of the infection.

Salmonella *spp. - A Global Challenge*
