**8. Conclusion**

The heterogeneity and non-specificity of the possible clinical symptoms highlight that APS is a true systemic autoimmune disease and emphasizes the need for a better understanding of the disease mechanisms that will allow a personalized treatment approach. In the general population, the incidence of clinical manifestations in APS is high and could often be triggered by other underlying factors. Therefore, the diagnosis of APS relies predominantly on laboratory measurements. Despite the many attempts to increase the specificity of laboratory criteria and to establish consensus criteria for serology, a high number of patients are still misdiagnosed. Treatment of APS requires an interprofessional team approach involving multiple specialties. Family physicians play an important role in identifying patients with APLS. Hematologists and rheumatologists play a critical role in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Involvement of other specialties such as neurology, nephrology, cardiology, and dermatology may also be necessary if a particular organ system is affected. In addition, anticoagulation clinics can play an important role in monitoring therapeutic warfarin levels and INR levels with close follow-up. Last but not the least, pharmacists can help in the management of these patients, especially in identifying drug–drug interactions. Close communication between the interprofessional team and close monitoring of the patient is essential in the management of APS.

*Introductory Chapter: Antiphospholipid Antibodies - A Laboratory Criterion… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103846*
