**Abstract**

Thromboses of the cerebral arterial and venous systems are a common manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) often leading to ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. APS increases stroke risk via many mechanisms, including hypercoagulability and inflammation. These mechanisms, among others, must be considered by physicians when evaluating and treating such patients to achieve optimal short- and long-term outcomes. In this chapter, we will discuss the epidemiology of APS as it relates to neurological disease focusing on stroke, APS stroke mechanisms, suggested clinical evaluations, acute treatment strategies, and longterm secondary stroke prevention strategies. Current consensus statements and the most recent literature will be summarized.

**Keywords:** antiphospholipid syndrome, stroke, epidemiology, etiology, treatment
