**2. Physiological effects of sex hormones**

Sex hormones are chemical structures derived from cholesterol, and they are a group of steroidal hormones act as chemical messengers in the body. The activity of steroid hormones is carried out by receptors on extracellular proteins belonging to the family of nuclear substances. Through genomic and non-genomic action, these receptors intervene transduction of signals in a manner of specific context [2].

## **2.1 Estrogen receptor**
