**11. Conclusions**

Pregnancy is a physiological state characterized by critical hormonal changes. Collective participation of the endocrine system is necessary to carry out adequate development and maintenance of both the mother and the fetus. This system is responsible for generating an optimal environment that provides an adequate microenvironment of communication between the maternal-placental-fetal unit, facilitating the exchange of nutrients, hormones, and oxygen, essential throughout the gestational period. These neuroendocrine processes are produced thanks to the synchronous and fluctuating production of sex hormones regulated by endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mechanisms. Their function is essential before, during, and after the gestational period to ensure the fetus's correct development and growth.

### **Acknowledgements**

The author thanks the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) for the supporting founding.
