**3. Kisspeptin's mechanism of action**

As a result of the kisspeptin binding to the GPR54/Kiss1r receptor, activates the G-protein (Gq/11) and phospholipase-C (PLC). Subsequently, diacylglycerol and

*Kisspeptin: Role in Female Infertility DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94925*

**Figure 2.** *Cellular action mechanism of kisspeptins [27].*

inositol trisphosphate (IP3) are formed from phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PİP2), resulting in elevated Ca+2 concentrations. Activation of this mechanism results in the closure of the potassium channels and opening of the cation channels (TRP channels), leading to the depolarization of GnRH neurons. Consequently, GnRH neurons start secreting hormones [25]. Kisspeptin increase apoptosis and decrease cell proliferation and metastasis by stimulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) via protein kinase C (PKC) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway (**Figure 2**) [26].
