**2. Clinical features of Graves' Disease condition**

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism associated with thyrotoxicosis are nervousness, overactivity, insomnia, palpitations, mental confusion, weight loss and prominent signs of thyrotoxicosis are tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, hyperreflexia systemic hypertension, warm moist skin, hyperactivity, and tremors. The clinical features predominantly observed in GD are orbithopathy, pretibial myxedema, and goiter.

The pathogenesis of ophthalmopathy includes the immune response to a TSH receptor–like protein in orbital connective tissue initiates cytokine formation further promoting production by orbital fibroblasts of hydrophilic glycosaminoglycan, resulting in high osmotic pressure, fluid accumulation, and clinical ophthalmopathy. Eye muscle antigens include the flavoprotein (Fp) subunit of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, G2s and the FOX P1 protein, a winged helix transcription factor, and their respective antibodies are clinically useful markers in the diagnosis of GD. The respective roles of the connective tissue response and eye muscle antibodies involved in the pathogenesis are under investigation.
