**4.2 Educational and research usage of videolaryngoscopy**

Videolaryngoscopy is an excellent tool for teaching because it allows unhindered supervision of the intubation procedure [60]. In practice, it proves to be a particularly useful tool for introducing beginners to intubation procedures. Moreover, depending on the choice of blade and type of device, it allows the education of different advanced intubation techniques comparable to direct laryngoscopy, including a combination of different techniques [61]. The supervisor follows the procedure performed by the student in a real time with possibility to guide the student verbally or manually with prompt feedback of what has been done. To gain an expertise in situations of unexpected difficult airway, it is necessary to learn how to manage expected difficult airway during routine intubations. Evidence suggests that using videolaryngoscopy during intubation significantly helps in mastering the intubation technique by the trainees even in the most sensitive populations for intubation such as newborns [62, 63].

As a relatively new technique with plenty of new innovative devices, videolaryngoscopy is currently a fruitful subject for the researchers interested in airway management. However, as the indications for its use spread, videolaryngoscopy may be used as an auxiliary tool for the other static and dynamic researches that include visualization of oropharynx and the upper airway.

#### **4.3 Medicolegal usage of videolaryngoscopy**

The possibility of recording the videolaryngoscopy procedure and subsequent reviewing of the recorded material offers the possibility of a thorough analysis of the procedure, which itself lasts a limited short time. The first such application was described in 1987 with the purpose of recording the vocal cords during vocal therapies [64]. Recorded material during videolaryngoscopy can be reproduced multiple times, which can be useful in subsequent analyzes that can be done for various medicolegal purposes (Video 1, Video 2, Video 3, and Video 4). It is especially useful to use archived images and videos as the part of preoperative preparation in patients for whom difficult intubation is expected. Another practical indication could be the examination of vocal cords after thyroid surgery and recording for medicolegal issues.
