**5. Conclusions**

Flavonoids are a large class of natural compounds, which isolated from various of plants as seed, root, bark, flower, leaves, fruit etc. and prevent from various diseases. The biosynthesis of flavonoids is highly complicated because a group of enzyme (DHAP synthase, SA kinase, EPSP synthase, PAL, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, DFR) plays a key role in the pathway of flavonoids biosynthesis. These enzymes play a potential role in modification of flavonoids via isomerases, hydroxylases, reductases, and polymerises reaction. The proanthocynidins are interested natural compounds, which formed via polymerization reaction of flavonoids. The flavonoids are synthesized in various plant species via shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathway.

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**Author details**

Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

\*Address all correspondence to: rehancy3@gmail.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

Mohd Rehan

*Biosynthesis of Diverse Class Flavonoids* via *Shikimate and Phenylpropanoid Pathway*

Author thanks to UGC, New Delhi, India for institutional fellowship. The author

is also thankful to the Chairman, Department of Chemistry, AMU, Aligarh, for

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96512*

The author declares no conflicts of interest.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

providing research facilities.

*Biosynthesis of Diverse Class Flavonoids* via *Shikimate and Phenylpropanoid Pathway DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96512*
