**4. Institutional framework on public employment services**

In Austria, the form of government is the democratic federal republic, which has a parliamentary regime and consists of nine states, brought together in the specific organizational framework of a federation. This is essential and can be seen in the provision of employment services that depend on the authorities of the federal states. In this regard, the Federal Government has outlined the general guidelines to be followed by each federal state. The Austrian Public Employment Service (AMS) distributes a flow of jobs on the Internet through the eJob-Room, which offers both permanent and seasonal jobs. In addition, AMS provides interactive training on job application, testing job search knowledge while providing a lot of information, advice, and examples of cover letters, resumes etc. **https://www.ams.at**/. Unemployed people and people facing job loss have the opportunity to apply to the Public Employment Service (AMS). This is possible in all federal states and large cities. As soon as a person registers with AMS, professional advice is provided by a personal supervisor.

In Spain, the National Employment System consists of the State Public Employment Service (SEPE) and the Public Employment Services of the Autonomous Communities. In its turn, the State Public Service for Employment (SEPE) is an autonomous body subordinated to the Ministry of Labor, Migration and Social Security and is composed of: *central services; 52 provincial directorates; an extensive network of "face-to-face" offices distributed in the 52 provinces of the Spanish state.* The public service also manages the procedures for granting employment benefits. All legal entities have the obligation to issue an "enterprise certificate" (. liquidation note) to the worker within a maximum of 10 business days upon termination of the employment contract, confirming the termination of the employment relationship and which he must communicate to the Social Security Service and the State Public Employment Service (SEPE).

In Estonia there is the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund (Eesti Töötukassa - https://www.tootukassa.ee/eng/content/about-tootukassa), a quasigovernmental organization, a legal person governed by public law that operates independently of the government, according to its mission and operational rules set forth by law. Töötukassa is chaired by a tripartite Supervisory Board: government, employers 'representatives and employees' representatives. The mission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund is to manage the provisions on social insurance related to unemployment and to organize labor market services that help the unemployed find new jobs. Until 1 May 2009, the responsibility for this mission was provided by the Labor Market Council.

In Romania, the National Agency for Employment, subordinated to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, is in charge of managing job loss and job search. The agency has got 42 territorial structures under its subordination, distributed throughout the country, one for each county. The National Agency for Employment implements policies and strategies on employment and vocational training for job seekers and aims to stimulate and increase employment, stimulate employment of young graduates of educational institutions in a coherent process of transition from

*Comparative Study on Public Electronic Employment Services: Austria, Spain, Estonia, Romania DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97052*

the educational system to the labor market, preventing unemployment, facilitating the free movement of workers in the Member States of the European Union and in the states signatories of the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in other countries with which Romania has concluded treaties, agreements or conventions.
