*Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in Coconut DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90998*

*Innovation in the Food Sector Through the Valorization of Food and Agro-Food By-Products*

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**Coconut gene ID**

CCG004869.3,CCG020141.3,CCG023968.1,CCG027042.1

CCG019614.2 CCG006531.1,CCG015599.1,CCG016821.1

CCG022695.1 CCG009829.1,CCG016247.2

CCG007725.1,CCG026806.1

CCG003641.1,CCG010800.1

CCG015429.1,CCG019248.1

CCG004186.1,CCG026159.1

CCG015380.1 CCG005217.1 CCG019998.1,CCG019999.1,CCG020055.1

CCG011285.1,CCG021291.1

CCG000909.1,CCG000910.1

CCG002335.2,CCG015142.3

CCG017936.1 CCG019021.1,CCG019148.1

CCG003640.4,CCG010801.1

CCG021791.1 CCG009590.1,CCG024101.3,CCG025115.1

CCG007754.1,CCG019356.1,CCG026050.3

GPDH GPAT9 LPAAT2

PAH1 PAH2 LPP-β LPP-δ DGAT1 DGAT2

DAcT PDAT1 PDAT-related?

LPEAT1 LPEAT2

LPCAT PDCT/ROD1

FAD2 CDP-DAGS

DAG-CPT

CK CCT2

Choline kinase

Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

Oleate desaturase

CDP-DAG synthase

Diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase

1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphocholine acyltransferase

Phosphatidylcholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase

Wax synthase-like

Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase

Phospholipid:acyl acceptor acyltransferase

1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine acyltransferase

**Protein**

**Annotation** NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glycerol-3-Phosphate acyltransferase (mammalian homolog)

1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

Phosphatidate phosphatase

Phosphatidate phosphatase

Phosphatidate phosphatase

Long chain base 1-phosphate phosphatase

Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase

Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase

[14]

[6, 10–13]

**Gene validated in reference**

for food and other applications. The most noticeable feature of coconut oil is that the major components of fatty acids are medium-chain fatty acid. This feature has attracted the attention of researchers and become the focus of coconut oil research. What genes related with the accumulation of medium-chain fatty acid in endosperm? How these genes were evolved and related to a closely related species—oil palm (*Elaeis guineensis*), which also has MCFA as its main fatty acid component in endosperm?

We had reviewed three parts of research related to coconut lipid metabolism in this chapter. Firstly, we summarized key genes related to MCFA accumulation in coconut endosperm. Secondly, we summarized the evolutionary relationship between coconut palm and oil palm for MCFA accumulation. Thirdly, we include descriptions of in vivo and in vitro gene validation experiments. Two tables provide coconut genes related to de novo fatty acid biosynthesis (**Table 1**) and triacylglycerols (TAG) biosynthesis (**Table 2**).
