**19. Alcohol**

A healthy lifestyle may allow two glasses of wine for men/one glass of wine per day for women, or one can of beer. A level of 24 g of alcohol/day, for example, two glasses of wine is associated with 32% total CVD risk reduction in a meta-analysis with total CVD as the endpoint. How could be explained this risk reduction? Benefits exerted on lipid and glucose/insulin metabolism synergically with systemic subclinical anti-inflammatory and anticoagulation effects are the answer. Certainly, higher quantities are associated with a progressive increase of risk. Meanwhile, this meta-analysis shows a 20% lower risk of CVD for beer drinkers (one can per day) vs. abstainers, in concordance with previous studies. The dose–response analysis

suggests a J shape curve, after initial risk decreases, and an immediate growing positive trend is seen when doses are increasing. About 10 g per day of alcohol—a small intake, may be the dose correlated with the highest risk reduction. But, as Prof Riccardi emphasized, this dose should be considered maximal allowed intake and not daily recommended dose [18].

#### **20. Mindfulness**

The balance between mind, thoughts, body, and emotions is the concept that may be the base of creating the right, positive mindset for treating obesity. People should be able to build motivation and create positive energy, to have meaning in life. All of these will build the mindset of a winner, with the right approach in front of the disease named obesity. People should understand that obesity is a disease, and treatment is the right mindset, applied in daily life. Mindful eating principles, eating smart, but also intuitively, responsible, as an assumed decision for health are fundamental in the obesity management [31].

#### **21. Healthy lifestyle, not dieting**

Increasing populational awareness about lifestyle medicine for obesity prevention and treatment is mandatory in order to further control NCDs expansion. WHO defines obesity as a disease and emphasizes that the treatment is a whole life treatment. Lifestyle education is mandatory in the future. Intervention in obesity should be a lifelong intervention and the doctor should be a partner for the patient, guiding him/ her in this process. "Food is medicine" is a concept released some years ago in order to motivate more people to connect each eating decision with health benefits. Intuitive eating is an eating type that could influence an individual's awareness of food choices. It is negatively related to weight cycling and disordered eating and positively associated with weight stability and body satisfaction [32]. There is a way of eating in response to hunger/satiety and to create a positive relationship with food. The key is to prioritize behavioral changes, targeting not only the weight but with a focus on overall wellbeing. Flexible restraint may reduce binge eating and increase weight loss. Eating for health must balance social, hedonic, and environmental reasons to eat. Intuitive eating could help people to reconnect with signals of hunger and satiety. Eating in the absence of hunger is very frequent, triggered by social, emotional, or advertising factors. Clinicians are in the position to help patients to recognize various factors influencing eating choices and they should support their patients to make healthy choices [31].

#### **22. Doctor-patient partnership**

The key to lifestyle changes is negotiation and cooperation. Physicians will be role models for their patients, adopting a "coach" approach, instead of the previous "expert" style. But they will not only educate patients and have to empower them, motivating and planning a healthy lifestyle with sustainable change [33].

#### **23. Conclusion**

Health is built every moment by right decisions or, on the contrary, is destroyed. The success of health promotion at the populational level requires a different

#### *Lifestyle Factors and Obesity DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100254*

approach. Lifestyle starts from everyone's small daily decisions to community engagement and populational measures, all with a long-term impact.

By creating a doctor-patient partnership, it will be possible to create an optimal motivational approach that will change behaviors. Firstly, medical doctors should adopt healthy lifestyles and become role models for their patients and the whole community.
