**3. Conclusions**

Although little is known on the NMSC, they are very important players for normal PNS function. Recent studies showed that RSCs play a very important role in the development of peripheral nerves and regeneration after injury. RSCs are also involved in the modulation of pain sensitivity in peripheral sensory neuropathies. Even in the absence of injury, disturbance in axonal-RSC interaction is followed by neuropathic pain.

Additionally, PSCs are mandatorily involved not only in synaptogenesis but also in the growth and maintenance of the normal synapse as well as after denervation. Morphological changes of PSCs were detected in various pathological conditions suggesting their potential involvement in the pathogenic mechanism of such diseases.

A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern the development and functioning of NMSCs could broaden the perspective on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for neuropathy and peripheral nerve injuries.
