**Author details**

Vincenzo Rizzo1 \*, Richard Armstrong2 , Hong Hua<sup>3</sup> , Nicola Cantasano4 , Tommaso Nicolò5 and Giorgio Bianciardi<sup>5</sup>

1 Emeritus, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-ISP, Messina, Italy

2 Aston University, Birmingham, UK

3 State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Early Life Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, China

4 Italian National Research, I.S.A.FO.M. U.O.S., Cosenza, Italy

5 University of Siena, DSMCN, Siena, Italy

\*Address all correspondence to: enzo45.rizzo@gmail.com

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**129**

*Life on Mars: Clues, Evidence or Proof? DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95531*

[1] Grotzinger, J.P., D.Y. Sumner, D.Y, Kah, C, Stack, K., Gupta, S, Edgar, L., Rubin, K. Lewis, J., Schieber, N., Mangold, R., Milliken, P.G., Conrad, D., DesMarais, J., Farmer, K., Siebach, F., Calef III, Hurowitz, J., McLennan, S.M., Ming, D. Vaniman, J., Crisp, A., Vasavada, A., Edgett, K.S., Malin, D., Blake, D., Gellert, R., Mahaffy, P., Wiens, R.C., Maurice, S., Grant, J. A., Wilson, S., Anderson, S., Beegle, L., Arvidson, R., Hallet, B., Sletten, R.S., Rice, M., Bell III, J., Griffes, J., Ehlmann, B., Anderson, R.B., Bristow, T.F., Dietrich, W.E., Dromart, G., Eigenbrode, J., Fraeman, A., Hardgrove, [6] Head, J.W., Wilson, L., 2001. The Noachian-Hesperian Transition on Mars: Geological Evidence for a Punctuated Phase of Global Volcanism

as a Key Driver in Climate and

Planetary Science Conference.

org/10.1002/2017JE005445

nasa.gov.

(11), 1-33.

[8] Kostama, L., Kreslavsky, H., 2006. "Recent high-latitude icy mantle in the northern plains of Mars". Agu.org.

[9] NASA, 2007. Mars' South Pole Ice Deep and Wide". Nasa reports, on jpl.

[10] Weber, K.A., Trisha, L., Spanbauer,

[11] Westall, F., Foucher, F., Bost, N., Bertrand, M., Loizeau, D., Vago, J.L., Kminek, G., Gaboyer, F., Campbell, K.A., Bréhéret, J.G., Gautret, P., Cockell, C.S., 2015. Biosignatures on Mars: What, Where, and How? Implications for the search of Martian life. Astrobiology 15

[12] Bianciardi, G., Rizzo, V., Cantasano, N., 2014. Opportunity Rover's image analysis: microbialites on Mars? International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences 15, 419-433.

[13] Bianciardi, G., Rizzo, V., Maria E.

Farias, Cantasano, N., 2015.

M., Wacey, D., Kilburn, M.R., Loope, D.B., Kettler, R. M., 2012. Biosignatures link microorganisms to iron mineralization in a paleoaquifer.

Geology 40, 747-750.

Atmospheric Evolution. 42nd Lunar and

[7] Martin, P.E., Farley, K.A., Baker, M.B., Malespin, C.A., Schwenzer, S.P., Cohen, B.A., Mahaffy, P.R., McAdam, A.C., Ming, D.W., Vasconcelos, P.M., Navarro-González, R.A., 2017. Two-Step K-Ar Experiment on Mars: Dating the Diagenetic Formation of Jarosite from Amazonian Groundwaters. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 122 (12), 2803-2818. https://doi.

C., Herkenhoff, K., Jandura, L., Kocurek, G., Lee, S., Leshin, L.A., Leveille, R., Limonadi, D., Maki, J., McCloskey, S., Meyer, M., Minitti, M., Newsom, H., Oehler, D., Okon, A., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Rowland, S., Schmidt, M., Squyres, S., Steele, A., Stolper, E., Summons, R., Treiman, A., Williams, R., Yingst A., MSL Science Team, 2014. A habitable fluviolacustrine environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars. Science 343,

[2] Grotzinger J.P., Gupta S., Malin M.C. et al., 2015. Deposition, Exhumation, and paleoclimate of an ancient lake deposit, Gale Crater, Mars. Science 350

[3] Halliday A.N., Wänke H., Brick J.-L. e R. N. Clayton. The Accretion, Composition and Early Differentiation of Mars. In Space Science Reviews, vol. 96, n. 1/4, 2001,

[4] Bibring, J. P. et al., 2006. Global Mineralogical and Aqueous Mars History Derived from OMEGA/Mars Express Data. Science, vol. 312, pp. 400- 404, DOI:10.1126/science.1122659

[5] Ashley Y., 2008. Impact May Have Transformed Mars. Science News org.

6169, 1242777.

(6257), 1-12.

pp. 197-230.

**References**
