Dye Waste Treatment

**153**

**Chapter 9**

**Abstract**

proposed.

**1. Introduction**

cially with an annual output of over 7x105

world consumes approximately 104

A Brief Comparative Study

Different Types of Clay

on Removal of Toxic Dyes by

*Ahmed Zaghloul, Ridouan Benhiti, Rachid Aziam,* 

*Abdeljalil Ait Ichou, Mhamed Abali, Amina Soudani,* 

*Fouad Sinan, Mohamed Zerbet and Mohamed Chiban*

Increasing amount of organic dyes in the ecosystem particularly in wastewater

The treatment of industrial wastewater particularly loaded with dangerous dyes is considered among the global environmental issues and the concerns of researchers [1]. According to recent reports, over one million dyes are available commer-

tons of dyes into wastewater every year [3]. These dyes are highly toxic, carcinogenic, and cause dire consequences for human health and the marine system. The removal of these toxic dyes from polluted water and wastewater is highly desirable in order to meet regulatory obligations for wastewater recycling or discharging into natural environments [4]. Currently, there is several physico-chemical and

tons [2]. The textile industry around the

tons of dyes annually and discharges about 100

has propelled the search for more efficient low-cost bio adsorbents. Different techniques have been used for the treatment of wastewater containing toxic dyes such as: biological degradation, oxidation, adsorption, reverse osmosis, and membrane filtration. Among all these processes mentioned, adsorption with low cost adsorbents has been recognized as one of the cost effective and efficient techniques for treatment of industrial wastewater from organic and inorganic pollutants. Clays as material adsorbents for the removal of various toxic dyes from aqueous solutions as potential alternatives to activated carbons has recently received widespread attention because of the environmental-friendly nature of clay materials. This chapter presents a comprehensive account of the techniques used for the removal of industrial cationic and anionic dyes from water during the last 10 years with special reference to the adsorption by using low cost materials in decontamination processes. Effects of different adsorption parameters on the performance of clays as adsorbents have been also discussed. Various challenges encountered in using clay materials are highlighted and a number of future prospects for the adsorbents are

**Keywords:** adsorption, toxic dyes, Clays, wastewater treatment

**Chapter 9**
