**3.1 Soil natural rely**

*Legume Crops - Prospects, Production and Uses*

metals and organic pollutants [7].

season after a legume in a rotation [9].

**3. Advantages of legumes in soil quality**

build-up and weed problems of grass-type crops.

**2. Nitrogen fixation**

of the world.

based on few important species, breaking the cycles of pests and diseases and contributing to stability the deficit in plant protein manufacturing in many areas

Legumes have a probably substantial position to play in enhancing soil carbon sequestration. They can also have considerable additional advantages beyond their significance involving nitrogen fixation and excessive protein feeds. These consist of advantageous impacts on biodiversity and soil quality. There is a great need for a strong focus on creating the role of legumes and their contribution to each the sustainable intensification of manufacturing and the livelihoods of small holder farmers in many components of the world [6]. Apart from their makes use of as food and fodder they have a very necessary position in retaining soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and enhancing soil structures and adding organic matters. Moreover, it is generally used as an intercrop and covers plants, and sometimes, it is cultivated as emergency vegetation due to its brief life cycle. Since it requires low fertilizer and other inputs this crop is relatively profitable in a most economical point of view. It also improves environmental quality by sequestrating carbon and mitigating other pollutants. Legumes are additionally a potential plant team in which some of the species having a capacity of remediating poisonous

Legume plant and seed tissue is distinctly high in protein. This can be without delay attributed to a legume's capability to supply most of its personal nitrogen wants with the assist of symbiotic Rhizobia microorganism residing in their roots. Inoculated with the applicable stress of Rhizobia bacteria, legumes can furnish up to 90% of their own nitrogen (N). Shortly after a legume seed germinates in the presence of Rhizobia microorganism in the soil, the bacteria penetrate the root hairs and cross into the root itself. The bacteria multiply, inflicting a swelling of the root to shape pale pink nodules. Nitrogen gasoline present in the soil air is then sure by the microorganism which feed on carbohydrates manufactured by the above-ground plant in the course of photosynthesis [8]. The bacteria produce ammonia (NH3) from the hydrogen obtained from the plant's carbohydrates and nitrogen from the air. The ammonia then provides a supply of nitrogen for the plant to grow. This symbiotic relationship between bacteria and legume lets in them both to flourish and produce a high-protein seed or forage crop. Even although legumes can repair nitrogen from the atmosphere, they can take up large quantities of soil nitrogen if it is available. Nitrogen release from a legume crop occurs as the above-ground plant residues, roots and nodules step by step decompose. Soil microorganisms decompose the highly nitrogen-rich organic cloth and launch the nitrogen to the soil when they die. Usually about two-thirds of the nitrogen fixed through a legume crop becomes handy the subsequent growing

Soil quality advantages of legumes include increasing soil natural matter, improving soil porosity, recycling nutrients, improving soil structure, decreasing soil pH, diversifying the microscopic lifestyles in the soil, and breaking disease

**18**

As stated previously, legumes are high in protein, and therefore, nitrogen rich. Because most crop residues incorporate a lot extra carbon than nitrogen, and microorganism in the soil need both, the nitrogen provided by legumes allows the decomposition of crop residues in the soil and their conversion to soil constructing natural matter.
