**Author details**

*Waste in Textile and Leather Sectors*

**4. Conclusions**

to much reduced risks.

of the action of the microflora.

of minimizing the implications on human health.

in immunocompromised patients. Infections with *Penicillium* can be mainly by inhalation and sometimes by ingestion. Pathologies that are the result of infection with *Penicillium spp*. are generally referred to as penicilliosis. Prolonged exposure to fungi from the *Penicillium* family which typically produce mycotoxins ochratoxin A and citrinin, has been reported in combination with opportunistic infections such

In all four case studies, it was proved that the values of the main elements of the microclimate play a decisive role both in the degradation of the textile materials and development in the air and on the surfaces of the bacteriological microflora. In time, its leads to the deterioration of the historical fabrics exposed inside, at the same time endangering human health. The degree of accessibility of the public and the age of the building, is directly proportional to the quality of the elements of the microclimate. Thus, in the wooden church (the oldest building among those analyzed, where human activity is the most intense), textiles are exposed to the highest risk of being degraded due to poor environmental conditions. At the opposite pole, in the Museum House and National Archives of Bihor County, due to the more recent dating of buildings, the nature of the materials and largely limited human activity, the fabrics find better conditions of conservation, and people are exposed

By far, in the best state of conservation is the traditional Romanian shirt ("ie"), which due to the fact that it is part of a private collection, is exposed to anthropogenic and lower environmental pressure. It is stored in good conditions, the fibers are very little affected, they do not show discoloration or breakage as a consequence

The analyzes carried out in this study show that some of the historical textiles are in a poor state of conservation, or are threatened to be degraded by human action or environmental factors. In order to conserve the materials for a longer period of time, it is necessary first of all a careful and continuous monitoring of the internal microclimate. The values of its main parameters should be kept as far as possible within the allowed limits, and the impact of the bacteriological microflora and the anthropic factor must be limited. Furthermore, where appropriate, exhibits are preferably to be protected by their installation in special glass boxes to reduce mechanical and chemical damage. All these interventions have both the role of creating a favorable environment for the conservation of textile materials, as well as

as keratitis, otomycosis and urinary tract infections [75, 76].

**200**

Ilieș Dorina Camelia1 , Herman Grigore Vasile1 , Caciora Tudor2 \*, Ilieș Alexandru1 , Indrie Liliana7 , Wendt Jan3 , Axinte Anamaria2 , Diombera Mamadou4 , Lite Cristina<sup>5</sup> , Berdenov Zharas6 and Albu Adina7

1 Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

2 Doctoral School in Geography, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

3 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Institute of Geography, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

4 Training and Research Unit of Economic and Social Science, Department of Tourism, University of Ziguinchor Assane Seck, Ziguinchor, Senegal

5 National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather, Bucharest, Romania

6 Department of Physical and Economic Geography, Faculty of Science, Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan

7 Department of Textiles, Leather and Industrial Management, Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

\*Address all correspondence to: tudor.caciora@yahoo.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
