**5. Bioactive plant-based environment-friendly antimicrobial finishing**

Bio-functionalization of textiles with natural bioactive agents with antimicrobial properties is becoming increasingly important because they are not toxic, skin, and environment-friendly. These antimicrobial compounds extracted from most plants are phenols, polyphenols (simple phenols, phenolic acids, quinines, flavonoids, tannin, coumarin, etc.), terpenoids, essential oils, alcoholicoids, lectins polypeptides, and polyacethylenes. Most of these substances obtained from plants are colorful and are natural antimicrobial dyes and pigments used for the dyeing of both natural and synthetic fibers [30, 60–65]. Eco-friendly pigments can be obtained with fermentation of bacteria and fungi [30, 66, 67]. Different methods are mentioned in the literature to increase washing habits of bioactive vegetablebased antimicrobial compounds uncinated on textile fiber: resin application with cross-binding agent, glyoxal, and glycol [30, 68]; sol-gel matrix of liquid bioactive compounds, such as essential oils [30, 69]; and application with microcaps or with the pad-dry-cure method [30, 70–72].

Hydrogen peroxide is a natural antimicrobial produced against invasive bacteria in human cells. It is also found in honey as a preservative. Antimicrobial activity of hydrogen peroxide against bacteria, mold, fungi, algae, and viruses is known. The finishing processes and substances with hydrogen peroxide have become popular and commercialized in recent years [14].

It is thought that the importance of antimicrobial-effective herbal (such as vegetable wastes etc.) and animal-derived natural materials will increase for reducing the waste load (production, during its lifetime, and at the end of its lifespan) and engaging in more environment-friendly manufacturing [14].
